Ultrastructure of rat cerebral cortex cells in normal and experimental dioxin poisoning

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Currently, the treatment of dioxin intoxication is only symptomatic as there are no developed methods of therapy for it. Therefore, various manifestations of the effect of dioxin on biological objects of animal origin are being actively studied.

AIM: The study of the ultrastructure of the cerebral cortex of rats in normal and experimental poisoning with dioxin.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the ultrastructure of the cells of the pyramidal layer of the cerebral cortex of rats of the control and experimental groups that were chronically exposed to small doses of dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin or TCDD). Morphometric analysis was carried out to determine the length of synaptic clefts, the number of synapses per unit area, the thickness of the myelin layer of the processes, and the number of wrappers of myelin sheaths.

RESULTS: The pathology of neurons was observed both at the optical and ultrastructural levels. It was characterized by a decrease in nuclei, cell death, thinning of myelin sheaths, and demyelination. There was a significant positive correlation between dose of poisoning and the degree of destruction of neurons. The number of synaptic contacts decreased with an increase in their average length.

CONCLUSIONS: Demyelination, impaired cellular respiration, and destruction of synaptic contacts indicated the ability of dioxin to indirectly cause accelerated aging of neurons and their death (apoptosis).

Keywords

rats / neurons / dioxin / synapses / demyelination / morphometric analysis

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