The feasibility of forming an artificial vagina for vaginal aplasia and atresia is not in doubt. A number of methods have been proposed for the formation of a vagina from different parts of the intestine. These methods have some major drawbacks and give a high percentage of lethality. In the last 2 years, we have performed 3 operations for the formation of an artificial vagina in congenital vaginal absence. In two women the vagina was created from the sigmoid colon and in one from the amniotic membranes.

In the Botkin Hospital, in 13 years (1948-1960,) there were 78 gallbladder perforations in 1,516 operations for acute (616) or chronic (900) cholecystitis.

Since 1955, 78 patients were treated in Penza Regional Hospital for terminal conditions, with stable positive effect in 39 patients. The causes of terminal conditions were surgical trauma in 36 patients, mechanical trauma in 24 patients, intoxication in 7 patients, acute abdominal surgery in 6 patients, bleeding in 3 patients, pulmonary artery thrombosis in 2 patients.

Although gastrogenic tetany, the most severe complication of gastric and duodenal ulcers, was first described in 1869, it is not well known to the general medical community.

The clinical picture of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever has changed in recent years, with an increase in the proportion of mild, mild and atypical forms, which is due to the widespread use of antibiotics and vaccine prophylaxis.

As echinococcal cysts of the prostate may give rise to confusion with other diseases, the following observation is not without interest. K, 54 years old, was admitted to the clinic on 11/VII with a diagnosis of adenoma of the prostate, acute urinary retention. Urine discharged by rubber catheter was of the colour of meat slop. Prostate was sharply enlarged, dense, no borders were defined, surface was uneven. The external genitalia are undistinguished. Prostate cancer was suspected.

45 men and 9 women with brachial scapular periarthritis were observed in inpatient and outpatient settings. All had diffuse atrophy of the shoulder girdle muscles and painful pressure points: 1) in the area of the beakoid process and 2) in the area of the tendon attachment of the deltoid muscle to the humerus.

Occupational injuries accounted for 71.34%, domestic injuries for 22.02%, sports injuries for 5.61% and transport injuries for 1.03%. Occupational injuries are mainly characterised by open injuries (abrasions, scratches, wounds, open fractures and traumatic amputations, burns and frostbites), which account for 80.2% of all occupational injuries.

Splitting osteochondritis (König's disease) mainly affects the knee joint, much less frequently the elbow, ankle and in extremely rare cases the shoulder and hip joints. The disease is manifested by aseptic necrosis and rejection of the bone tissue in the area adjacent to the articular cartilage, with the surface facing the joint remaining smooth and covered by cartilage, and the surface of the margin being roughened. Occasionally, the detached area will fall out into the joint cavity, which can give the clinical picture of a blockage of the affected joint.

On 14/I 1962 at around 1 p.m. the landlady turned on the gas central heating system and the three children - M., aged 13, S., 7 and V., 9 - started bathing in the bathtub, having locked the door from the inside. Around 2 p.m., she called to the children and knocked on the door, but no one answered. She pulled the door off the hook and found the children lying face up in the bathtub, completely submerged in water.

Polio, coxsackievirus and ECHO (US Polio Foundation) were grouped into the enterovirus group in 1957. Coxsackieviruses were first isolated by Dolldorf and Sickles in 1948 and were named after the place of isolation, a city in New York State. A characteristic feature of the coxsackieviruses that distinguishes them sharply from others in the group is that they are pathogenic to newborn mice (but not to adult mice). Coxsackieviruses are also pathogenic in hamsters. In chimpanzees and rhesus, these viruses cause asymptomatic infection with the formation of specific antibodies.

Patients with acute abdominal diseases constitute a notable percentage of those served by the ambulance service. The main objective of the emergency physician is first and foremost the recognition of such diseases and urgent hospitalisation, because their outcome depends on timely surgical intervention, or, in other words, timely hospitalisation.

An important place in preventive work with pregnant women is occupied by ensuring their earliest possible inclusion in medical check-ups and improving the quality of such check-ups during the whole period of pregnancy. To this end a women's health unit has been set up in women's clinics and health posts, extensive health education and awareness-raising work has been carried out among women and a permanent link has been established between the women's clinic and the civil registry office for the purpose of registration.

One of the sections of gynaecology poorly studied in theory and difficult in practice is malignant tumours of the appendages of the uterus. Already in our previous work on this subject (Proceedings of the First All-Russian Conference of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 1958) we pointed out a number of shortcomings in the control of these tumours and some measures for their elimination. To find out how the situation changed during 1957-61, we used observations from the gynaecological department of the Republican Clinical Hospital, serving mainly the rural population.

Mikhail Fedorovich Vladimirsky belonged to the group of revolutionaries who, under Lenin's leadership, laid the foundations of the Communist Party, took part in the 1905 revolution, in the preparation and implementation of the October Revolution and later in the building of the Soviet state.

Although local anaesthesia using the creeping infiltrate method, proposed by Prof. A. V. Vishnevsky, has been widely used in surgical practice, the technique is still imperfect. For example, when injecting large amounts of novocaine solution, the use of conventional syringes prolongs the operation. To avoid this, a whole series of continuous syringes has been proposed in recent years.

The monograph by S.V. Shestakov is devoted to one of the most pressing problems of internal medicine - coronary circulatory insufficiency. Prof. С. Shestakov is well known as the author of a large number of articles and monographs on various issues of cardiology and especially problems of coronary pathology.

There are two views on the clinical relevance of vectorcardiography (VCG). Some believe that it can provide data that scalar ECGs cannot. Others (and they are probably the majority) do not see any advantages in the VCG method of examining patients in comparison with a conventional ECG. However, this difference of opinion applies only to the value of VCG as a clinical examination method; the role of VCG in the study of the patterns of the electric field generated by the heart, as well as in the proper understanding of normal and pathological ECG curves, is acknowledged by everyone working in this field.

The problem of air ionization in its application to medicine and some sectors of the economy is the subject of in-depth study by representatives of various specialties. The physiological effects of aeroions are well established, and aeroionisation is increasingly used in medical and prophylactic practice.

M.P. Chumakov (Moscow) noted that as a result of nearly five years of vaccinating the population of the Soviet Union with the Soviet live attenuated vaccine 1) the carriage of wild strains of the poliomyelitis virus in the USSR has practically ceased; 2) no etiological link with poliovirus of paralytic disease in children registered as poliomyelitis (in Moscow such patients more often isolated viruses of the Coxsackievirus group); 3) most children under 1 year of age either have no antibodies to poliovirus or are detected in low titers. This dictates that children should be vaccinated against poliomyelitis from 2 months of age.

The use of general artificial blood circulation still causes a number of severe complications and involves the consumption of large quantities of donor blood. Therefore, the use of regional artificial blood circulation for vital organs (brain and heart) has emerged.

In his report to the Congress, S. V. Kurashov, Minister of Health of the USSR, pointed out the importance of developing the issues of prevention and treatment of alcoholism, as the new tasks of educating the Soviet man prompted special attention to this. Medics should be the initiators in raising all questions relating to the problem of combating alcoholism, for they know better and more intimately than anyone else the grave consequences of alcoholism.

The conference was attended by internists, paediatricians, neurologists, otorhinolaryngologists, psychiatrists and pathologists.

Earlier it was thought that the main way of penetration of aeroions into the body was through the respiratory apparatus. L.L. Vasiliev (Leningrad) and A.L. Chizhevsky (Moscow) believed that the air of the alveoli and the blood exchange electrical charges, which are then carried through the blood vessels to the organs and tissues. In addition to the electrohumoral effect, a neuroreflex mechanism of ion action through centripetal pulmonary nerve fibers was also assumed.

The conference was organised by the TASSR Scientific Society of Hygienists with the participation of the Tatar Republican Branch of the All-Union D. I. Mendeleev Chemical Society and the Tatar Republican Society for Nature Protection. Employees of the Geological Institute of Kazan, Tatneftegazrazvedka Trust, Tatneft Association, Gosvodkhoz RSFSR, as well as representatives of the sanitary-epidemiological services of the Chuvash and Mari ASSR also took part in it.

S. Ya. Kaplinsky (Moscow) emphasized that quantitative changes in the ratios of individual protein fractions of blood serum in different pathological conditions in humans and animals are not specific to any one pathological syndrome. Qualitative disorders detected by changes in the immunological properties of proteins or by changes in the content of sulfhydryl groups and amino acids are more specific.

From 18 to 21 / XII 1963 in Kazan was held a zonal seminar-meeting on the promotion of medical and biological knowledge, organized by the society "Knowledge" of the RSFSR and the Republican House of Sanitary Education of the Ministry of Health of the RSFSR.