The authors found that ultraviolet rays have a drastic effect in pulmonary tbc, in view of which they must be used with great deliberation and the greatest caution, as we cannot yet speak firmly of the type of patients where this treatment is absolutely indicated.

The author has tried this treatment in 13 cases of malaria. In 3 patients (two with m. tertiana and tropica fever and one carrier of m. tropicae gametes) a cadmium-sodium-tartrate solution with 1% cadmium content was used as intravenous injections (2.5 cc each), 2 patients had two injections and one patient had one; immediately after the first injection the fever disappeared and the blood schizonts (but not gametes) also disappeared.

The author rebels against the widespread opinion about immobility of pleuritic exudates. On the contrary, the X-ray examination when patients change their position allows to see mobility of exudates.

The author used Aufrecht's quinine in 34 cases of croupous pneumonia and obtained in the majority of cases relief of the process, as well as a reduction in the mortality rate (11% instead of 18%).

Ischemic necrosis (Ziegler's myomalacia cordis) is, no Gieson, a consequence of occlusion of a branch of the coronary arteries of the heart. The cause of occlusion may be embolism or thrombosis of the vessel, calcification or fibrosis of its wall.

As is known, S. disease (pituitary atrophy) is a consequence of atrophy of the anterior pituitary lobe, and the clinical picture is dominated by the senile appearance of patients (senium praecox), premature termination of sexual functions, and apathetic state. Shereshevsky observed clinically one case of this disease in a man of 28, where the disease developed after an injury, and there was a mixed picture of S. disease with non-sugar diabetes.

In addition to diarrhea depending on local intestinal diseases and treatable by diet and balneo-photo-therapeutic methods, there is another large group of diarrheas, which are in close connection with disorders of the functions of various body systems: abnormalities of the general water metabolism in tissues, violation of the endocrine system, immunity disorders, central and vegetative nervous system.

In recent years, Ehrmann's alcoholic breakfast has increasingly replaced the classic Boas-Ewald breakfast which was used for almost 40 years before. Literature data give conflicting indications as to the values of acidity obtained after the alcoholic breakfast in comparison with Boas-Ewald's.

Based on a study of a large number of ulcer patients, Jarno found a significant decrease in their blood cholesterol (0.06-0.08% instead of the normal 0.1-0.15%).

Conflicting literary data on the effect of electrical and mechanical stimulation on gastric secretion forced Delhougn to turn to experiments on animals and humans. The author used intra- and extra-gastric irritation with galvanic (35 MA) and faradic (7 cm) currents and found that in both cases gastric secretion was clearly detected.

The author finds that for fixation of the kidney the most reliable methods are those where the kidney is suspended by the fibrous capsule to the rib with a piece of fascia or aponeurosis of the external oblique abdominal muscle. The normal incision for such nephropexy is an oblique, extraperitoneal incision.

Nickel-plated and gold-plated objects made of various metals are often used for fixing bone fragments and in bone surgeries, and these objects are left in the tissues.

Based on 46 cases, the author believes that the right inguinal hernia operations in 3/4 of all cases have to deal with the appendix and resort to appendectomy.

When the pylorus is open, Kelling performs a posterior gastroenterostomy and in addition enteroanastomosis to control bile leakage into the stomach and bile vomiting.

The author observed a case of purulent strumitis, which was a complication of angina and influenza.

Biochemical studies of amniotic fluid in humans were performed by Flössner and Kirstein and could establish there the presence of glycolbetaine, meat-lactic acid, aromatic oxyacids and histidine derivative. Of particular importance is the presence of betaine, which so far in humans has been found only in the fluid of echinococcal cysts.

Graaf's vesicles are formed both in the ovaries of female fetuses beginning in the 7th month of uterine life and in the ovaries of girls who have not reached puberty.

By studying the ratio of ammonia nitrogen to its total amount in urine, or the so-called ammonia coefficient (A.-C.), the authors came to certain conclusions.

The author has long noted that the first months of pregnancy are characterized by a peculiar mobility of the cervix in relation to the body, so that the portio vaginalis can move sideways, forward and backward without the participation of the uterine body. In this case, one must beware of confusion with cases where the imaginary mobility may depend on the accidental mobility of the swollen mucous membrane covering the portio.

Based on the consideration that postpartum infection often spreads by the same lymphatic routes as cancer, the author decided to study the peritoneal tissue, which he did on 43 uteri removed at different periods of pregnancy, sub partu and in the postpartum period.

According to the author, this method of treatment is indicated for chronic prostatitis with leukocytes in the prostate secretion, as well as, with the known limitations, for prostatic abscesses that have burst into the urethra or bladder.

In the organs, blood and amniotic fluid of those fetuses whose mothers were subjected to antisyphilitic treatment during pregnancy, the presence of arsenic and bismuth can be proved. The transfer of these substances from mother to fetus is not due to the processes of diffusion or osmosis, but due to the active activity of the placenta.

The author notes in hyperemesis a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism and depletion of the liver in glycogen, which, in his opinion, is due to increased secretion of the posterior pituitary lobe. Normally, this secretion is regulated by hormones of the mammary gland, placenta, and corpus luteum. If these hormones are insufficient, hyperfunction of the pituitary gland with its consequences occurs.

Caesarean section in the same woman can be repeated three times, the first two times the uterine incision should be made intraperitoneally in the lower segment, and the third time in the uterine body.

Frankl refers to late bleeding as bleeding that occurs a week or more after childbirth and miscarriage. The cause is usually considered to be the retention of the placenta in the uterus.

According to the author, stagnation of urine in the upper urinary tract in the last months of pregnancy occurs more often than it was still believed: the expansion of the ureters caused by it occurs on the right in at least 3/4 of all cases of pregnancy, while on the left it is twice less common and much weaker.

The author draws attention to the fact that the urethra, cervix, and rectum in infant gonorrhea are affected more frequently than is commonly thought. The infection is ascending due to the antiperistaltic movements of the uterus, and its spread is favored by the anatomic features of the child's uterus.

Based on 5,000 laparotomies, the author formulates the advantages as follows: 1) The transverse incision is best suited to the anatomical and physiological features of the abdominal walls, which results in the best healing. 2) It provides the best protection against intestinal trauma. 3) It prevents the operated woman from developing a hernia even if the wound has suppuration and heals by secondary tension. 4) It eliminates the possibility of rupture of the stitched wound. 5) It gives the best cosmetic results.

The treatment consists in scraping the cancerous focus as thoroughly as possible, and the cavity formed is tamped tightly to stop the bleeding, and then cauterized with 50% zinc chloride in a solution or as a paste. Subsequently the wound is well cleaned and granulated.

With the help of specially prepared litmus and special paper, it is possible to diagnose chronic gonorrhea on the basis that a sharply acidic reaction, which remains the same in repeated tests, excludes gonorrhea. The method is inapplicable in cases of acute gonorrhoea and 2 days and 4 days after regurgitation, when the reaction is always acidic.

The author strongly recommends Bayer's product and advises to take a 0.06-0.075 gr. dose instead of the 0.045 gr. dose mentioned by the company.

The authors used this reaction in 135 cases of measles, pneumonia, tbc meningitis, cerebro-spinal meningitis, and clinically healthy children, using the Westergren's method; blood was drawn in the morning, regardless of meals, because the authors did not observe the effect of the latter on erythrocyte deposition.

Some measles epidemics have mortality rates as high as 45%; the cause of such high mortality is almost always a complication of measles with bronchopneumonia. Bacteriological examination of cadavers of children who died of measles usually finds homolytic streptococcus in all organs.

The authors observed 8 cases of epidemic encephalitis in Saki, 1 to 12 years old, of which 6 cases had an acute onset and one in combination with lues. Three patients underwent a full course of mud treatment, two received several baths in the middle of treatment, and the rest used rapeseed baths.

The 81 children observed by the author, aged from 12 months to 13 years, suffering from erythema nodosa, all reacted very strongly to tuberculin. Almost all had enlarged bronchial glands or the temporary darkening at the root of the lungs described by Ernberg; some had simultaneous frictions, lichen scrophulosorum or serous pleurisy. The author considers the nodular erythema a manifestation of the protective activity of the skin, in which the tbc bacilli circulating in the blood or their products are neutralized.

Meanwhile, just as lumbago was formerly seen as pure myalgia, more recently authors have tended to attribute the occurrence of this disease to arthritic and neuralgic conditions.

During 5 years the author observed 15 cases of this disease. All these cases were subjected to radiotherapy, and while the first four, where the illumination was weak, produced negligible results, the following cases, with deeper illumination, had a generally favorable effect.

The author injected Ca into the blood of patients by means of an electric current, and the Ca thus injected had a general effect and, in particular, affected the work of the heart muscle.

The authors conducted in 97 patients with severe polyarthritis of different origin (infectious, thyrotoxic, etc.) combined treatment with limanotherapy and protein therapy.

The author describes two cases where he managed to establish paternity this way.

All cases of sudden death while swimming cannot be attributed, as it is usually done, to failure of the heart - in a number of cases the cause of death is damage to the ear. The danger is particularly great for persons with a ruptured eardrum.

The success of the First All-Ukrainian Congress of Physicians has already been quite similarly covered in the medical press in a number of correspondences, where it was noted that the peculiarity of this Congress was the good development of its program topics. For the first time, occupational diseases of physical labor were prioritized in the congresses of therapists, and a number of toxicoses were interestingly covered in the first part of the "Proceedings" of the Congress.

The main peculiarity of the book is that for the first time in the history of scientific physical training it treats the latter not as a preventive method, but as a therapeutic factor. Such an expansion of the scope of domestic physical education is, in fact, a natural consequence of its evolution.

We can welcome the appearance of this work by Prof. L.V. Blumenau. In a clear and successful presentation of the author, all still unresolved questions about hysteria are put before us again. A brief summary of the "state of the matter" gives a fairly accurate idea of the history of the theories of pathogenesis of this disease, reducing them to three already old theories: the theory of Pythiatism, the affective theory and the theory of "volitional tendency" of Wonhöffer.

This book collects articles, speeches and guiding reports made at various times by the authoritative inspirer of the Soviet physical culture movement, which has now become such an important factor in the construction of our country. The material reflects the socio-biological foundations of physical culture, its physical and spiritual elements, defines the broad content of physical culture and its role in the struggle for the improvement of labor and life.

The 10th All-Union Congress of Bacteriologists, Epidemiologists, and Sanitary Doctors was convened in Odessa. The choice of the place of the Congress was due to the fact that this year marked the 10th anniversary of the death of the great citizen of Odessa I. I. Mechnikov to whose memory the Congress was dedicated, and the 40th anniversary of the foundation by Mechnikov of the oldest bacteriological station in Odessa, now the Sanitary and Bacteriological Institute named after I. I. Mechnikov. The Congress took place from September 5 to 11 and was unusually crowded, with more than 1,500 doctors attending from all parts of Russia and more than 170 reports submitted.

On October 29, at a public meeting of the Educational Council of the Kazan Medical Faculty, Dr. Z. I. Malkin defended the work presented by the author as a work of high qualifications, under the title "Non-specific therapy". The official opponents were proff. V. M. Aristovsky, N. K. Goryaev and M. N. Cheboksarov.

Dr. I. I. Blagoveschensky: "Issues of Bacteriology and Immunity at the 10th All-Union Congress of Bacteriologists, Epidemiologists and Sanitary Doctors". The report is placed in this book of the "Journal".