Study of polymorbidity in patients with musculoskeletal diseases at the stage of medical and ­physical rehabilitation

Abstract

Background. The study of multimorbidity is an urgent task for assessing individual clinical risks and prognosis, developing a treatment and rehabilitation plan.

Aim. To study multimorbidity in patients with chronic musculoskeletal diseases.

Material and methods. The study was conducted in 2022–2023 on the basis of the medical center for the treatment of spine and joints “DEMA” and the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba. Study subjects were patients with musculoskeletal diseases (n=212) who sought medical and physical rehabilitation. Men — n=75 (average age 40.2±6.65 years, proportion of patients ≥60 years — 20%), women — n=137 (average age 47.2±6.84 years, proportion of patients ≥60 years — 18%). The subject of the study was polymorbidity in patients with musculoskeletal diseases. The following methods were used: content analysis, analytical, statistical, mathematical, comparative analysis method.

Results. Spinal diseases were detected in 79.2% of patients, and various dysfunctions of the musculoskeletal system were detected in 19.36%. 43 (20.28%) patients were diagnosed with two diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Women were more likely than men to be diagnosed with spinal osteochondrosis (p=0.015), cervicalgia (p=0.015), degenerative diseases of the hip and knee joints (p=0.022) and consequences of skeletal injuries (p=0.015). Of the concomitant diseases in all patients, eye (23.1%) and cardiovascular diseases (25.5%) were common. Women were more often diagnosed with endocrine (p=0.025), ophthalmic (p=0.001), gynecological (p=0.001) diseases, urolithiasis (p=0.025) and cholelithiasis (p=0.025); men — with consequences of injuries/surgeries (p=0.025). Polymorbidity was established in 50.33% of patients — 42 men and 72 women. Two and three concomitant chronic diseases were predominantly diagnosed in women, and six or more were diagnosed in men. All patients ≥60 years of age (25%) had three or more chronic diseases.

Conclusion. Most patients with musculoskeletal pathology suffer from several chronic diseases.

Keywords

multimorbidity / musculoskeletal diseases / medical rehabilitation / physical rehabilitation / personalized / polydisciplinary / adherence

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