Hematological changes and structural morphological changes in the liver and spleen in mice against the background of acute toxic effects of cyclophosphan

Abstract

Background. Disturbances in the body associated with bone marrow failure caused by the administration of lethal doses of cyclophosphan to animals make it possible to use this experimental model to solve important pathophysiological problems.

Aim. To reveal hematological changes and structural morphological changes in the liver and spleen in mice against the background of acute toxic effects of lethal doses of.cyclophosphan.

Material and methods. The studies were performed on 200 outbred male mice weighing 27–29 g. Acute cytotoxic syndrome was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of a solution of cyclophosphan at doses of 500 and 750 mg/kg of body weight. Blood sampling for hematological studies was carried out on the 3rd, 6th, 10th and 15th days of intoxication, and the removal of the liver and spleen for morphological studies was performed on the 6th and 15th days. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10 and MS Excel. Results were presented as mean (M) ± standard error of the mean (mx). To determine the significance of differences between groups with a significance level of p <0.05, Fisher's test and Mann–Whitney U-test were used.

Results. Mortality against the background of acute cytotoxic action of cyclophosphan at doses of 500 and 750 mg/kg reached 83.3 and 100%. The initial content of leukocytes in the peripheral blood of mice was (8.6±2.3)×109/l, and on the 6th day of intoxication it decreased to (1.0±0.3)×109/l and (0.6±0.1)×109/l (p=0.01). Blast cells of all hematopoietic lineages were present in blood smears. In the morphological picture of the spleen, the connective tissue stroma was sharply distinguished, and the white and red pulps were almost completely absent. Signs of acute toxic effects of cyclophosphan were found in the liver tissue.

Conclusion. The course of acute cytotoxic syndrome caused by cyclophosphan is accompanied by high mortality, the development of pancytopenia, pronounced destructive changes in the spleen tissue and toxic changes in the liver tissue.

Keywords

cytotoxicity / cyclophosphan / pancytopenia / hematological parameters / morphological changes / experi­mental modeling

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