Atomic-force microscopy in studyng hard tissues of orofacial area

Abstract

Aim. To study the use of atomic-force microscopy for morphological diagnosis of a bone tissue and hard tooth tissue pathology. Methods. Dental occlusion, enamel crowns and bony tooth sockets shape and size, as well as embrasures’ size and their depth, and crown height were estimated by the means of atomic-force microscopy. 30 teeth and bony fragments removed due to blunt maxillofacial trauma with signs of connective tissue hypermobility and 27 removed teeth and bony fragments from the control group were analyzed. Results. Abnormal collagen structure in hypermobility syndrome was associated with the increase of inter-fiber space to 98 nm and decrease of mineral matrix content in the bone. Enamel crowns shape and size alterations [(5.5±0.3)×(5.4±0.1) μm] as well as inter-crown space increase to 1.5±0.1 μm were found out. At the bone tissue analysis, the main distinctive feature between the control group and the patients with hypermobility syndrome was the presence of cystic lesions in the hypermobility syndrome group, accompanied by change of bone mineral structures disposition, trabeculae formation and changes of bone mineral density. In patients with hypermobility syndrome low mineralization of hydroxyapatite crystal structure, changes in spatial crystal structure as well as organic matrix disposition, all leading to enamel structure malformation due to change of interrelation between enamel organic and mineral components which is not typical for that certain period of teeth ontogenesis were found at enamel examination. Thus, in patients with connective tissue hypermobility signs of bone and enamel mineralization and structure change were found. Conclusion. The use of atomic-force microscopy allows to study the native cell cultures, including bone and hard tooth tissues, that can be used as a basis to diagnose connective tissue hypermobility as well as for identification of personality.

Keywords

connective tissue hypermobility / collagen / enamel / mandible / dental medicine / atomic-force microscopy

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RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Moskovskiy S.N., Korshunov A.S., Shestel I.L., Konev V.P., Hamov M.A., Markovskyi S.O.