Asymptomatic bacteriuria in young pregnant women in modern society

Abstract

The article provides an overview of the literature and existing international and national Guidelines on the etiology and main pathogens’ characteristics of asymptomatic bacteriuria, diagnostic criteria, management of young pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria and antibacterial therapy regimens. Young pregnant women are a significant part of the society structure that requires protection. Young women in the age category of 15–17 years are identified as a group with a high risk of complications during pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period, as well as perinatal pathologies. Women of this age group are characterized by a high risk of complications: the threatened miscarriage, premature birth as well as young pregnancies usually accompanied by sexually transmitted infections. It is important for this group of patients to be more carefully monitored by doctors in the hospitals, maternity welfare centers, during delivery and postpartum period. The main causative agents of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women are representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family (88.0%). E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Staphilococcus spp. cause asymptomatic bacteriuria only in 3–10% of cases. The diagnosis is based on the Russian Clinical Guidelines for Urology and the Federal Clinical Guidelines 2020, as well as on the European Guidelines of the Urologists Association 2020. The National Guidelines indicate the main principles of asymptomatic bacteriuria treatment in high risk patients (pregnant and young). Despite the progress made in the urinary tract infections study, especially asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women, and the development of practical Guidelines for the management of these patients, this issue remains important in modern society.

Keywords

asymptomatic bacteriuria / urinary tract infections / young pregnant women

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