Technological process of field crops spraying with slotted sprayers

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The subject of the study is the technological process of spraying field crops with slotted sprayers and the indicators dispersion.

AIMS: Improving the technological process of spraying plants with the use of pneumo-hydraulic slotted sprayers.

METHODS: Special equipment was used for photographing films of the liquid being sprayed under various operating modes of slotted sprayers with the possibility of calculating the size of the droplets. Fulfillment of the requirements for the number of drops/cm² at the treated object, overlapping the liquid spray jets ensures uniform distribution of drops over the spraying width. Therefore, it was sufficient to have information about the fragmentation of the thickness of the liquid film along the axis of the nozzle spray liquid into drops and obtaining their quantity per unit time depending on the flow rate of the working fluid.

Newness of the research lies in determining the effective operation of slotted sprayers as part of the spraying device.

RESULTS: With the use of the special equipment, it is possible to fulfill agrotechnical requirements for droplet sizes. When using herbicides for foliar post-emergence treatment with a systemic pesticide, the limits of MMD range are from 226 µm to 400 µm. Soil herbicide treatment with a systemic pesticide requires an increased droplet MMD range of 401 µm to 500 µm and >500 µm. The number of drops/cm² when using fungicides is limited from 50 to 70, insecticides – from 20 to 30, and herbicides – from 20 to 40.

CONCLUSIONS: The applied technology makes it possible to reduce the consumption of preparations and working fluid with high work performance and resource saving. The above research results can be used as the basis for determining the effective technology of a boom sprayer with slotted liquid sprayers. Fulfillment of the requirements for the number of drops/cm² at the treatment facility overlapping liquid spray torches ensures a uniform distribution of drops over the spraying width. Therefore, it suffices to know about the division of the thickness of the liquid film along the axis of the liquid spray jet into drops and to obtain their number per unit time.

Keywords

liquid spray jet / droplet size / liquid film / liquid pressure / liquid flow rate

References

[1] TeeJet Technologies [Electronic resource]. Technologies 50A-RU. Available from: http://teejet.it/russian/home/litera-ture/catalogs/catalog-51a-ru.aspx Accessed: 15.12.2022.

[2] TeeJet Technologies [электронный ресурс]. Technologies 50A-RU. Режим доступа: http://teejet.it/russian/home/litera-ture/catalogs/catalog-51a-ru.aspx Дата обращения: 15.12.2022.

[3] Fedorenko VF, et al. Technical and technological requirements for promising agricultural machinery. Moscow: Rosinformagrotekh, 2011. 248 p. (In Russ).

[4] Федоренко В.Ф., и др. Технические и технологические требования к перспективной сельскохозяйственной технике. Москва: Росинформагротех, 2011. 248 с.

[5] GOST 12.2.019-2015. Interstate standard. Agricultural machinery. Machinery for crop protection. Spraying equipment. Test methods. (In Russ). Available from: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200174759 Accessed: 15.12.2022.

[6] ГОСТ 34630-2019. Межгосударственный стандарт. Техника сельскохозяйственная. Машины для защиты растений. Опрыскиватели. Методы испытаний. Режим доступа: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200174759 Дата обращения: 15.12.2022.

[7] Patent RUS No. RU 73162 U1 / Byul. No. 14. Kireev IM, Koval ZM. Device for photographing and measuring the angles of the torch of the sprayed liquid. (In Russ). Available from: https://yandex.ru/patents/doc/RU73162U1_20080520 Accessed: 15.12.2022.

[8] Патент РФ на изобретение № RU 73162 U1 / Бюл. № 14. Киреев И.М., Коваль З.М. Устройство для фотографирования и измерения углов факела распыливаемой жидкости. Режим доступа: https://yandex.ru/patents/doc/RU73162U1_20080520 Дата обращения: 15.12.2022.

[9] Pages DG, Galustov VS. Fundamentals of the technique of spraying liquids. Moscow: Khimiya; 1984. 256 p. (Series: “Processes and devices of chemical and petrochemical technology”). (In Russ).

[10] Пажи Д.Г., Галустов В.С. Основы техники распыливания жидкостей. Москва: Химия, 1984. 256 с. (Серия: «Процессы и аппараты химической и нефтехимической технологии»).

[11] Dityakin YuF, Klyachko LA, Novikov BV, Yagodkin VI. Spraying of liquids. 2nd revised and updated. Moscow: Mashinostroenie; 1977. 207 p. (In Russ).

[12] Дитякин Ю.Ф., Кляко Л.А., Новиков Б.В., Ягодкин В.И. Распыливание жидкостей. 2-е изд., доп. и перераб. Москва: Машиностроение, 1977. 207 с.

[13] Dunsky VF, Nikitin NV. Monodisperse spraying of liquids by rotating sprayers. In: Aerosols in agriculture: scientific works. Ed. by Yu.N. Fadeev. Moscow: Kolos; 1973. Р. 71–106. (In Russ).

[14] Дунский В.Ф., Никитин Н.В. Монодисперсное распыление жидкостей вращающимися распылителями // Аэрозоли в сельском хозяйстве: научные труды / под ред. Ю.Н. Фадеева. Москва: Колос, 1973. С. 71–106.

[15] Kireev IM, Koval ZM. Determination of the main criterion for agrotechnical evaluation of sprayers. In: Agroengineering science in the field of agriculture: innovations, achievements. Collection of scientific papers of the VII International Scientific and Practical Conference, April 11–12. Zernograd; 2012. Р. 115–121. (In Russ).

[16] Киреев И.М., Коваль З.М. Определение основного критерия при агротехнической оценке опрыскивателей // Агроинженерная наука в сфере АПК: инновации, достижения. Сборник научных трудов VII Международной научно-практической конференции, 11–12 апреля. Зерноград, 2012. С. 115–121.

[17] Kireev IM, Koval ZM. A device for evaluating the quality of slot sprayers. Tractors and agricultural machinery. 2011;(3):16–18. (In Russ).

[18] Киреев И.М., Коваль З.М. Устройство для оценки качества работы щелевых распылителей // Тракторы и сельхозмашины. 2011. № 3. С. 16–18.

[19] Koval ZM. Characteristics of dispersion of slot atomizers of some manufacturers when modeling their functioning on bench equipment. Educatio. 2016;(6):15–21. (In Russ).

[20] Коваль З.М. Характеристики дисперсности щелевых распылителей некоторых производителей при моделировании их функционирования на стендовом оборудовании // Международный научный журнал «Educatio». 2016. № 6. С. 15–21.

Funding

Правительство РФGovernment of the Russian Federation(082-00086-22-01)

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Kireev I.M., Danilov M.V., Koval’ Z.M., Zimin F.A.