Analysis of congenital pneumonia incidence in newborns from high-risk mothers

Abstract

Objective. To detect the incidence of congenital pneumonia in newborns from mothers with placental insufficiency in combination with premature amniotic fluid discharge

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 57 stories of newborn infants and their mothers was carried out. The newborns were divided into 3 groups: group 1 – 37 newborns from mothers with placental insufficiency and premature amniotic fluid discharge, group 2 – 9 infants from mothers with premature amniotic fluid discharge, group 3 – 11 infants born from mothers with placental insufficiency. The obstetric and gynecological history, the presence of extragenital pathology, the peculiarities of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, and the outcomes for newborns were analyzed.

Results. Congenital pneumonia was more common in newborns from mothers with placental insufficiency and premature amniotic fluid discharge. In newborn infants of the first group, severe asphyxia occurred more often, being a risk factor. At the same time, the identification of markers of the systemic inflammatory reaction did not always reflect the presence of infectious-inflammatory pathology in newborns. In addition, in the presence of inflammation of the fetal part of placenta, in a large number of newborns pathological microflora is detected during microbiological examination.

Conclusions. As a result of the study, the role of maternal pathology on the development of intrauterine infection and implementation of infection in the early neonatal period was revealed. The obtained data justify the need for pregravid preparation and prevention of perinatal complications in women with placental insufficiency.

Keywords

placental insufficiency / premature rupture of amniotic fluid / congenital pneumonia

References

[1] Perepelitsa S.A., Smerdova E.F. Differential diagnosis of congenital pneumonia in newborns with low and extremely low body weight (morphological research). Obshchaya reanimatologiya 2018; 14 (4): 4–14. DOI: 10.15360/1813-9779-2018-4-4-14 (in Russian).

[2] Перепелица С.А., Смердова Е.Ф. Дифференциальная диагностика врожденной пневмонии у новорожденных с низкой и экстремально низкой массой тела (морфологическое исследование). Общая реаниматология 2018; 14 ( 4): 4–14. DOI 10.15360/1813-9779-2018-4-4-14.

[3] Kan N.E., Lomova N.A., Donnikov A.E. i dr. The role of genetic factors in the formation of respiratory disorders in newborns in placental insufficiency Akusherstvo i ginekologiya 2013; 2: 41–45 (in Russian).

[4] Кан Н.Е., Ломова Н.А., Донников А.Е. и др. Роль генетических факторов в формировании дыхательных нарушений у новорожденных при плацентарной недостаточности. Акушерство и гинекология 2013; 2: 41–45.

[5] Levchenko L.A., Cherkasova S.V., Sargsyan H.A. The features of the clinic and diagnosis of intrauterine pneumonia in newborns (literature review). American Scientific Journal 2021; 56–1: 43–48. DOI: 10.31618/asj.2707-9864.2021.1.56.148.

[6] Levchenko L.A., Cherkasova S.V., Sargsyan H.A. The features of the clinic and diagnosis of intrauterine pneumonia in newborns (literature review). American Scientific Journal 2021; 56–1: 43–48. DOI: 10.31618/asj.2707-9864.2021.1.56.148.

[7] Khachatryan Z.V., Lomova N.A., Khachaturyan A.A. i dr. Prevention of fetal growth retardation in placental insufficiency. Meditsinskiy sovet 2018; 13: 27–32. DOI: 10.21518/2079-701X-2018-13-27-32 (in Russian).

[8] Хачатрян З.В., Ломова Н.А., Хачатурян А.А. и др. Профилактика задержки роста плода при плацентарной недостаточности. Медицинский совет 2018; 13: 27–32. DOI: 10.21518/2079-701X-2018-13-27-32

[9] Goryachko A.N., Sukalo A.V. Features of hemostasis in premature newborns with congenital pneumonia in the neonatal period. Zdorov'e rebenka 2020; 15 (7): 510–517. DOI: 10.22141/2224-0551.15.7.2020.219233 (in Russian).

[10] Горячко А.Н., Сукало А.В. Особенности гемостаза у недоношенных новорожденных с врожденной пневмонией в неонатальном периоде. Здоровье ребенка 2020; 15 (7): 510–517. DOI: 10.22141/2224-0551.15.7.2020.219233.

[11] Pestrikova T. Yu., Yurasova E.A., Tkachenko V.A. Placental insufficiency as a basic pathology of complications and outcomes of the gestational period. Rossiyskiy vestnik akushera-ginekologa 2020; 20 (1): 5–15. DOI: 10.17116/rosakush2020200115 (in Rus-sian).

[12] Пестрикова Т.Ю., Юрасова Е.А., Ткаченко В.А. Плацентарная недостаточность как базовая патология осложнений и исходов гестационного периода. Российский вестник акушера-гинеколога 2020; 20 (1): 5–15. DOI: 10.17116/rosakush2020200115.

[13] Zur R.L., Kingdom J.C., Hobson S.R., Parks W.T. The Placental Basis of Fetal Growth Restriction. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 2020; 47 (1): 81–98. DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2019.10.008.

[14] Tetelyutina F.K., Sakhabutdinova E.P., Lagutko N.N. Indicators of the exchange of connective tissue biopolymers in amniotic fluid in pregnant women with placental insufficiency in preeclampsia. Rossiyskiy vestnik akushera-ginekologa 2019; 19 (2): 27–33. DOI: 10.17116/rosakush20191902127 (in Russian).

[15] Тетелютина Ф.К., Сахабутдинова Е.П., Лагутко Н.Н. Показатели обмена биополимеров соединительной ткани в околоплодных водах у беременных с плацентарной недостаточностью при преэклампсии. Российский вестник акушера-гинеколога 2019; 19 (2): 27–33. DOI: 10.17116/rosakush20191902127.

[16] Strizhakov A.N., Belousova V.S., Timokhina E.V. i dr. Perinatal outcomes in preterm labor. Voprosy ginekologii, akusherstva i perinatologii 2016; 15 (4): 7–12. DOI: 10.20953/1726-1678-2016-4-7-12 (in Russian).

[17] Стрижаков А.Н., Белоусова В.С., Тимохина Е.В. и др. Перинатальные исходы при преждевременных родах. Вопросы гинекологии, акушерства и перинатологии 2016; 15 (4): 7–12. DOI: 10.20953/1726-1678-2016-4-7-12.

[18] Lomova N.A., Kan N.E., Donnikov A.E. i dr. Clinical and molecular genetic predictors of the realization of congenital infection in newborns with intrauterine development delay. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya 2013; 8 (in Russian).

[19] Ломова Н.А., Кан Н.Е., Донников А.Е. и др. Клинические и молекулярно-генетические предикторы реализации врожденной инфекции у новорожденных с задержкой внутриутробного развития. Акушерство и гинекология 2013; 8.

[20] Kuiper-Makris C., Selle J., Alejandre Alcazar M.A. et al. Perinatal Nutritional and Metabolic Pathways: Early Origins of Chronic Lung Diseases. Frontiers in Medicine 2021; 8 (FEB): 667315. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.667315.

[21] Kuiper-Makris C., Selle J., Alejandre Alcazar M.A. et al. Perinatal Nutritional and Metabolic Pathways: Early Origins of Chronic Lung Diseases. Frontiers in Medi-cine 2021; 8 (FEB): 667315. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.667315.

[22] Audette M.C., Kingdom J.C. Screening for fetal growth restriction and placental insufficiency. Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 2018; 23 (2): 119–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2017.11.004.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector