Comorbid diseases and conditions of patients with a novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, who died in infectious hospital

Abstract

Objective. To analyze the comorbid diseases and conditions in patients with a novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, who died in the infectious hospital.

Materials and methods. Analysis of 1202 postmortem epicrises and protocols of pathologicoanatomic study of patients, who died in the infectious hospital of Smolensk on the basis of Clinical Hospital № 1 was carried out.

Results. There prevailed elderly and old patients – 81.5 %, most of them suffered from cardiovascular diseases (CVD), first of all ischemic heart disease – 92 % and arterial hypertension – 94.8 %. The most frequent risk factors/comorbid background of CVD were obesity (53.7 %), type 2 diabetes mellitus – 29.8 %. Practically all patients suffered from chronic heart failure, each third – 2b–3 stage, III–IV functional class (30.1 %). The basic comorbid diseases/conditions during hospitalization period were myocardial infarction (3.8 %), acute coronary syndrome (5.2 %), cerebral stroke (6.1 %), pulmonary embolism (4.3 %), atrial fibrillation paroxysm (8.7 %), myocarditis/pericarditis (3.8 %). In 43.1 % of patients, the comorbid pathology was on the foreground as a concurrent/concomitant/basic disease (as a basic diseases – in 12.9 % of patients).

Conclusions. Among the dead patients with COVID-19 there prevail elderly and old patients, burdened for comorbidity. Most of all, cardiovascular pathology, complicated by heart failure and associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has an impact of the outcome of disease.

The comorbid diseases/conditions during hospitalization are determined, as a rule, by vascular thromboses of various localizations. In every tenth patient, the comorbid pathology was the direct cause of death.

Keywords

COVID-19 / коморбидные заболевания / смерть

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