Peculiar features of pregnancy and labor course in patients with different classes of obesity

Abstract

Aim. To study the course and outcomes of pregnancy and labor in women with obesity.

Materials and methods. The results of retrospective study of 110 medical cards of pregnant women and their labor anamnesis are presented in the work. Peculiar features of pregnancy and labor course in patients depending on the class of obesity were studied. Digital material was processed using the program “Microsoft Excel” (data analysis package), Biostat. To determine the normality of distribution, Shapiro-Wilk criterion was used, followed by calculation of Fisher’s exact criterion. Odds ratio with CI 95 % was evaluated.

Results. It was revealed that irrespective of excess body mass value, pregnancy and labor in women with obesity are accompanied by complications. At the early stages of gestation, all women with obesity have a high rate of a threat of miscarriage, anemia, at the late stages – a threat of hypertensive disorders, anemia and impaired carbohydrate metabolism. The greatest incidence of Cesarean section was detected in women with class 3 obesity – 87 % versus 54 % and 43 % with class 1 and 2 obesity, respectively.

Conclusions. Obesity during pregnancy is an actual problem owing to elevated risk of the development of unfavorable outcomes for a mother and a fetus.

Keywords

Pregnancy / labor / obesity

References

[1] Шелудько В.С., Девяткова Г.И. Теоретические основы медицинской статистики (статистические методы обработки и анализа материалов научно-исследовательских работ): метод. рекомендации. Изд. 3-е, испр. и доп. Пермь 2016; 80.

[2] Arun J. Epidemiology of preeclampsia: impact of obesity. Nutrition Reviews 2013; 71 (1): 18–25.

[3] Aune D. Maternal body mass index and the risk of fetal death, stillbirth, and infant death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2014; 311 (153): 6–46.

[4] Brite J. Maternal overweight and obesity and risk of congenital heart defects in offspring. Int J Obes (Lond) 2014; 38(6): 878–882.

[5] Chu S.Y. Maternal obesity and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2007; 30(8): 2070–2076

[6] Forthun I. Maternal prepregnancy BMI and risk of cerebral palsy in offspring. Pediatrics 2016; 138 (4): 1–9.

[7] Persson M. Risk of major congenital malformations in relation to maternal overweight and obesity severity: cohort study of 1.2 million singletons. BMJ 2017; 357: j2563.

[8] Vasudevan C., Renfrew M., McGuire W. Fetal and perinatal consequences of maternal obesity. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2011; 96: 378–382.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Alieva F.K.