The Bondi–Sachs Formalism for the Einstein Scalar Field Equations with the Zero Cosmological Constant

Jialue Li , Xiao Zhang

Peking Mathematical Journal ›› 2026, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (2) : 259 -291.

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Peking Mathematical Journal ›› 2026, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (2) :259 -291. DOI: 10.1007/s42543-024-00092-w
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The Bondi–Sachs Formalism for the Einstein Scalar Field Equations with the Zero Cosmological Constant
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Abstract

Inspired by interaction of gravitational waves and dark matters, we study the Bondi–Sachs formalism for Einstein massless scalar field with zero cosmological constant. We provide asymptotic expansions for the Bondi–Sachs metrics as well as the scalar fields and prove the peeling property. We also prove the positivity of the Bondi energy–momentum under condition $c=d=0$ at some retarded time $u_0$. This condition ensures that asymptotically null hypersurfaces near $u=u_0$ are asymptotically null initial data sets of order 2 and the positive energy theorem for null infinity can be applied.

Keywords

Bondi–Sachs metric / Scalar field / Peeling property / Bondi energy–momentum / 53C50 / 83C35

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Jialue Li, Xiao Zhang. The Bondi–Sachs Formalism for the Einstein Scalar Field Equations with the Zero Cosmological Constant. Peking Mathematical Journal, 2026, 9(2): 259-291 DOI:10.1007/s42543-024-00092-w

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China(12326602)

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Peking University

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