An all-optical 1*2 de-multiplexer based on two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators

Abstract

In this work, a new configuration of an all-optical nonlinear de-multiplexer gate based on two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PhC) is proposed. The gate is considered in the double-ring resonator shaped structure of silicon rods. In order to have a more functional structure, some defect rods made of nonlinear materials were positioned in the structure. Considering the functionality of the structure, photonic band gap (PBG), field distribution and transmitted power spectra are investigated. Plane wave expansion and finite difference time domain (FDTD) methods are utilized for extracting the PBG and field distribution diagrams. The remarkable dimension, bit rate, maximum intensity and contrast ratio of 116.64 µm², 3.125 Tbit/s, 97% and 40.2 dB are obtained, respectively, which make the gate an appropriate candidate for utilization in optical integrated circuits.

References

[[1]] Rafiee E, Emami F. Design of a novel all-optical ring shaped demultiplexer based on two-dimensional photonic crystals[J]. Optik, 2017, 140: 873-877,

[[2]] Palai G, Beura S K, Gupta N, et al.. Optical MUX/DEMUX using 3D photonic crystal structure: a future application of silicon photonics[J]. Optik, 2017, 128: 224-227,

[[3]] Rafiee E, Emami F. Realization of tunable optical channel drop filter based on photonic crystal octagonal shaped structure[J]. Optik, 2018, 171: 798-802,

[[4]] Mehrabi M, Barvestani J. Localized photonic modes in photonic crystal heterostructures[J]. Optics communications, 2011, 284: 5444-5447,

[[5]] Palai G. Theoretical approach to 3D photonic crystal structure for realization of optical mirror using bandgap analysis: a future application[J]. Optik, 2015, 126: 5100-5101,

[[6]] Rafiee E, Emami F. Design and analysis of a novel hexagonal shaped channel drop filter based on two-dimensional photonic crystals[J]. JOPN, 2016, 1(2): 39-46

[[7]] Liu J, Fan Z. Comparison of photonic bandgaps of two-dimensional periodic and quasi-periodic photonic crystals with different relative permittivity dielectric[J]. Optik, 2014, 125: 6566-6569,

[[8]] Taflove A, Hegnese S C. . Computational electrodynamics: the finite-difference time-domain method[M], 1998 3rd ed. Boston Artech House

[[9]] Gao Y F, Zhou J, Zhou M, et al.. Design of novel power splitters by directional coupling between photonic crystal waveguides[J]. Optoelectronics letters, 2010, 6: 417-420,

[[10]] Elyasi B. All optical digital multiplexer using nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators[J]. JOPN, 2022, 7(1): 97-106

[[11]] Rigi R. PhC-based majority gate using a nonlinear directional coupler[J]. JOPN, 2021, 6(4): 21-32

[[12]] Pan H G, Cao C B, Zhang A L, et al.. A high sensitivity localized surface plasmon resonance sensor based on D-shaped photonic crystal fiber for low refractive index detection[J]. Optoelectronics letters, 2022, 18: 425-429,

[[13]] Yan Q B, Wu R, Liu Z, et al.. All-optical non-gate and NOR gate design of two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator[J]. Optoelectronics letters, 2020, 16: 154-160,

[[14]] Pakrai F. Designing of all-optical subtractor via PC-based resonators[J]. JOPN, 2022, 7(2): 21-36

[[15]] Olyaee S, Seifouri M, Moheb-Zadeh-Bahabady A, et al.. Realization of all-optical NOT and XOR logic gates based on interference effect with high contrast ratio and ultra-compacted size[J]. Optical and quantum electronics, 2018, 50: 385,

[[16]] Dayhool R, Javan A M. New method to improve bit-rate of all-optical logic gate based on 2D photonic crystal[J]. Optik, 2019, 183: 591-594,

[[17]] Khatib F, Shahi M. Ultra-fast all-optical symmetry 4x2 encoder based on interface effect in 2D photonic crystal[J]. JOPN, 2020, 5(3): 103-114

[[18]] Geraili M R. Application of nonlinear resonant cavities for designing all optical majority gate[J]. JOPN, 2022, 7(2): 11-20

[[19]] Fallahi V. Novel four-channel all optical demultiplexer based on square PhCRR for using WDM applications[J]. JOPN, 2018, 3(4): 59-70