Superficial dermatoses are traditionally attributed to fungal overgrowth, particularly Malassezia spp. However, emerging evidence highlights the significant role of the skin bacterial microbiome in modulating disease onset, progression, and severity. This narrative review aims to synthesize current knowledge on bacterial contributions to superficial dermatoses, with emphasis on microbial interactions, host responses, and therapeutic implications. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Selected studies published from 2010 to 2025 were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Commensal bacteria, including Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, and Corynebacterium, play active roles in regulating microbial balance, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory pathways. Mechanisms such as quorum sensing, biofilm formation, and enzymatic activity facilitate complex bacterial–fungal crosstalk that can either suppress or exacerbate disease. Host factors, including immune responses, skin barrier integrity, and circadian rhythms, further influence these interactions. Advances in diagnostic approaches, such as microbial profiling, enzymatic biomarkers, and volatile organic compounds, provide new insights into disease monitoring. Emerging therapeutic strategies, including probiotics, plant-derived antibacterials, metabolic modulation, and chronotherapy, show promise in restoring microbial balance and improving clinical outcomes. Bacteria are key modulators of superficial skin disease ecology and should be considered central components in disease pathogenesis and management. Integrating microbiome-based diagnostics and targeted therapeutic strategies may enhance precision dermatology and improve patient outcomes.

Mosquito-borne diseases remain a major challenge to global public health due to their wide transmission range and the diversity of pathogens they carry. In recent years, global climate change, rapid urbanization, and environmental alterations have reshaped the epidemiological patterns of mosquito-borne diseases. These trends include the continuous expansion of transmission areas, accelerated pathogen evolution, and increased risks of cross-species transmission. Under these evolving conditions, conventional prevention and control approaches that operate within single sectors or disciplines have proven insufficient to address the growing complexity of mosquito-borne disease threats. Consequently, building comprehensive prevention and control strategies that span disciplines, sectors, and regions-grounded in the One Health concept-has become a key research focus in global public health. The One Health concept emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, advocating for a systematic approach to addressing complex health challenges through multidisciplinary collaboration, multisectoral coordination, and multilevel cooperation. When applied to mosquito-borne disease control, this approach not only facilitates the identification and interruption of pathogen transmission chains among humans, animals, and the environment, but also enhances the overall responsiveness and control efficiency of public health systems. Building upon the One Health concept, this paper systematically reviews recent evidence on mosquito-borne disease control centered on an integrated “human-animal-environment” perspective. Drawing on local practice cases such as China’s “mosquito-free villages”, it proposes replicable and scalable integrated control paradigms for global application, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia (E.) coli, a recognized indicator bacterium for drug resistance, across animal, environmental and human compartments on Zhongyangshan Island under natural conditions.
Methods: A total of 51 E. coli strains were isolated and identified from animal, environmental, and human samples on Zhongyangshan Island between 2022 and 2023. The drug resistance status of E. coli was analyzed using antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing analysis, multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
Results: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the resistance rate of E. coli across the “animal-environment-human” interface on Zhongyangshan Island was ≤50%. Overall, AMR levels were low, with isolates from human sources exhibiting higher resistance to seven antibiotics and a higher prevalence of multidrug resistance compared to those from animal sources, while environmental isolates showed the lowest resistance levels. Of the 51 “animal-environment-human” E. coli strains, 31.37% (16/51) harbored five or more different antimicrobial resistance genes. Additionally, 78 transposons were detected, including 72 insertion sequences (IS), 3 compound transposons (Tn), and 3 other types of transposons, along with 18 plasmid replicon sequence types associated with AMR. Multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-based evolutionary analyses indicated the E. coli strains from the “animal-environment-human” continuum exhibited diverse sequence types and limited genetic relatedness. Further analysis of broiler-derived E. coli from Zhongyangshan Island showed significantly lower resistance rates to 12 out of 14 tested antibiotics and a lower overall multidrug resistance rate (46.67%), compared with isolates from intensive broiler farms in Zhejiang Province, except for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and meropenem. Whole-genome sequencing analysis confirmed that these strains carried fewer AMR genes.
Conclusions: E. coli, serving as an indicator organism for AMR within the “animal-environment-human” system on Zhongyangshan Island, exhibits low AMR prevalence and limited clonal relatedness. These findings provide a valuable baseline for investigating the ecological mechanisms underlying antimicrobial resistance emergence and transmission under the “One Health” framework.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors among selected school children in Du District, Jos South LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 185 healthy children aged 5-15 years, and a multistage sampling technique was used. Formal-ether concentration/direct wet mount methods were used to identify the parasites. A pre-tested, structured questionnaire was used to gather data on environmental, personal hygiene, and sociodemographic parameters. Chi-square test and descriptive statistics were employed for the analysis.
Results: A total of 185 students were included and 25 (13.5%) of them had intestinal parasitic infections. The most common parasites were Ascaris lumbricoides (28.0%), Taenia spp. (24.0%), and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar complex (20.0%). Higher infection rates were observed among children practicing open defecation (up to 18.7%) and those using unsafe drinking water sources (wells 12.9%; streams 12.4%).
Conclusions: The results highlight the critical need for comprehensive control efforts, including better health education, a clean water supply, and sanitation.

Objective: To describe resistance-gene patterns and reserve-agent susceptibility based on curated summaries from the Indian Council of Medical Research Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (ICMR-AMRSN) and to situate these findings within a One Health framework.
Methods: A retrospective secondary analysis was conducted using 44 organism-year records from ICMR-AMRSN annual reports published between 2017 and 2024. Resistance-gene labels and percentage susceptibility values were extracted and tabulated by pathogen and year.
Results: NDM and OXA-23-like were the dominant carbapenemase mechanisms in Enterobacterales and Acinetobacter baumannii, respectively (TEM-type beta-lactamases were most prevalent overall in Escherichia coli). Colistin susceptibility remained above 94% across Gram-negative pathogens in post-2019 records, temporally coinciding with India’s 2019 veterinary ban. Vancomycin susceptibility exceeded 99% in Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
Conclusions: NDM- and OXA-type mechanisms dominate clinical antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in India, mirroring determinants circulating in animal and environmental reservoirs. The sustained colistin susceptibility after India’s 2019 veterinary ban is consistent with the hypothesis that cross-sectoral policy may influence clinical resistance trajectories, though causality cannot be inferred from aggregate data. Integration of ICMR-AMRSN and Indian Council of Agricultural Research surveillance streams, with environmental monitoring, would establish a genuine One Health AMR network aligned with India’s National Action Plan on AMR.

Objective: To systematically sort out the research status of the field of zoonotic disease outbreak and prevention from the perspective of One Health, reveal its knowledge structure, hot spot evolution and cooperation network, and then provide a basis for the scientific research layout and prevention and control practice in this field.
Methods: Relevant literature on One Health and the prevention and control of zoonotic disease outbreaks was retrieved from the Web of Science database from September 24, 2004 to January 5, 2026. CiteSpace 6.4.R1 software was used for visual analysis.
Results: A total of 691 publications were retrieved. The annual number of publications has been growing steadily since 2012, with an overall marked acceleration after 2020. The national cooperation network analysis shows that USA (n=203) is the main knowledge-producing country, while England, Australia and other countries have high centrality in the network (all >0.1) and serve as key hubs. The keyword clustering analysis formed 14 clusters with significant structure (Q=0.7622), encompassing specific host research and forward-looking governance themes. The temporal evolution analysis shows that 2020 marked a turning point, with research hotspots shifting from classical epidemiology towards traceability, spillover mechanism and global monitoring driven by the COVID-19. The emerging frontier focuses on studies of seroprevalence.
Conclusions: This field has established a dual knowledge structure integrating basic science and governance strategies. Future research should deepen the understanding of human-animal interface mechanism, and leverage existing cooperation network to promote balanced development in zoonotic disease prevention.

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance poses a profound global health challenge that extends beyond classical models of mutation and antibiotic selection. In this context, the Resistance Symbiosis Hypothesis is proposed to suggest that bacteria enhance their resistance capabilities through symbiotic relationships with other microorganisms, including fungi and viruses. This perspective introduces a broader ecological framework for understanding antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing cooperation and interdependence within microbial communities rather than isolated bacterial adaptation.