Dynamic performance assessment of shallow buried circular tunnels under explosion hazard

Abstract

In recent years, the escalation in accidental explosions has emerged as a formidable threat to tunnel infrastructures. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct a dynamic performance analysis of the tunnels, to improve the safety and maintain the functionality of underground transport hubs. To this end, this study proposes a dynamic performance assessment framework to assess the extent of damage of shallow buried circular tunnels under explosion hazards. First, the nonlinear dynamic finite element numerical model of soil-tunnel interaction system under explosion hazard was established and validated. Then, based on the validated numerical model, an explosion intensity (EI) considering both explosion equivalent and relative distance was used to further analyze the dynamic response characteristics under typical explosion conditions. Finally, this study further explored the influence of the integrity and strength of the surrounding soil, concrete strength, lining thickness, rebar strength, and rebar rate on the tunnel dynamic performance. Our results show that the dynamic performance assessment framework proposed for shallow circular tunnels fully integrates the coupling effects of explosion equivalent and distance, and is able to accurately measure the degree of damage sustained by these structures under different EI. This work contributes to designing and managing tunnels and underground transport networks based on dynamic performance, thereby facilitating decision-making and efficient allocation of resources by consultants, operators, and stakeholders.

References

[1] Jiang Z-A, Wang Y-P, Men L-G. Ventilation control of tunnel drilling dust based on numerical simulation [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2021, 28(5): 1342-1356

[2] Zhou Z, Zheng Y-D, Hu J-F, et al.. Deformation analysis of shield undercrossing and vertical paralleling excavation with existing tunnel in composite stratum [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2023, 30(9): 3127-3144

[3] Moser C O N. The asset vulnerability framework: Reassessing urban poverty reduction strategies [J]. World Development, 1998, 26(1): 1-19

[4] Zhong G-S, Ao L-P, Zhao K. Influence of explosion parameters on wavelet packet frequency band energy distribution of blast vibration [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2012, 19(9): 2674-2680

[5] He S-Y, Su L-J, Fan H-B, et al.. Methane explosion accidents of tunnels in SW China [J]. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2019, 10(1): 667-677

[6] Chaudhary R K, Mishra S, Chakraborty T, et al.. Vulnerability analysis of tunnel linings under blast loading [J]. International Journal of Protective Structures, 2019, 10(1): 73-94

[7] Chakraborty T, Larcher M, Gebbeken N. Performance of tunnel lining materials under internal blast loading [J]. International Journal of Protective Structures, 2014, 5(1): 83-96

[8] Mussa M H, Mutalib A A, Hamid R, et al.. Assessment of damage to an underground box tunnel by a surface explosion [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2017, 66: 64-76

[9] Wang S-P, Li Z, Fang Q, et al.. Performance of utility tunnels under gas explosion loads [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2021, 109: 103762

[10] Xu Z-D, Liu X-J, Xu W, et al.. Analysis on the disaster chain evolution from gas leak to explosion in urban utility tunnels [J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2022, 140: 106609

[11] Zhang Z-J, Liu Z-X, Zhang H, et al.. Spatial distribution and machine learning-based prediction model of natural gas explosion loads in a utility tunnel [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2023, 140: 105272

[12] Zhou Q, He H-G, Liu S-F, et al.. Blast resistance evaluation of urban utility tunnel reinforced with BFRP bars [J]. Defence Technology, 2021, 17(2): 512-530

[13] Zhao Y-T, Chu C, Yi Y-J. Study on an engineering measure to improve internal explosion resistance capacity of segmental tunnel lining structures [J]. Journal of Vibroengineering, 2016, 18(5): 2997-3009

[14] UFC 3—340—02. Structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions [S], 2008

[15] ASCE/SEI, 59-111. Blast protection of buildings [S], 2011

[16] Cheng R-S, Chen W-S, Hao H, et al.. A state-of-the-art review of road tunnel subjected to blast loads [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2021, 112: 103911

[17] Huang H-W, Zhang D-M. Resilience analysis of shield tunnel lining under extreme surcharge: Characterization and field application [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2016, 51: 301-312

[18] Andreotti G, Lai C G. Use of fragility curves to assess the seismic vulnerability in the risk analysis of mountain tunnels [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2019, 91: 103008

[19] Moayedifar A, Nejati H, Goshtasbi K, et al.. Seismic fragility and risk assessment of an unsupported tunnel using incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) [J]. Earthquakes and Structures, 2019, 16: 705

[20] Nguyen D D, Park D, Shamsher S, et al.. Seismic vulnerability assessment of rectangular cut-and-cover subway tunnels [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2019, 86: 247-261

[21] GB/T 51336-2018. The standard for seismic design of underground structures [S], 2019, Beijing, China Communications Press (in Chinese)

[22] Cai B-Z. Study on the seismic performance limit of diameter deformation rate of shield tunnels [D], 2018, Kaifeng, Henan University (in Chinese)

[23] Zhang C-L, Zhang D-M, Huang Z-K, et al.. Fragility assessment of shallow buried tunnels under explosive hazards [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2024, 152: 105909

[24] Huang Z-K. Resilience evaluation of shallow circular tunnels subjected to earthquakes using fragility functions [J]. Applied Sciences, 2022, 12(9): 4728

[25] Tiwari R, Chakraborty T, Matsagar V. Analysis of curved tunnels in soil subjected to internal blast loading [J]. Acta Geotechnica, 2020, 15(2): 509-528

[26] JTG 3370.1—2018. Highway tunnel design code [S], 2019, Beijing, China Communications Press (in Chinese)

[27] Huang Z, Hu Z-J, Zhang C-L, et al.. Deformation characteristics and damage assessment of prefabricated frame tunnels after central and external explosions [J]. Sustainability, 2022, 14(16): 9942

[28] GB50010—2010. Code for design of concrete structures [S]. Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, 2015, Beijing, China Architecture and Building Press (in Chinese)

[29] Huang Z, Zhang C-L, Ma S-K, et al.. Study of the mechanical behaviour and damage characteristics of three new types of joints for fabricated rectangular tunnels using a numerical approach [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2021, 118: 104184

[30] Peng Q, Zhou D Y, Wu H, et al.. Experimental and numerical studies on dynamic behaviors of RC slabs under long-duration near-planar explosion loadings [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2022, 160: 104085

[31] Tiwari R, Chakraborty T, Matsagar V. Dynamic analysis of tunnel in weathered rock subjected to internal blast loading [J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2016, 49(11): 4441-4458

[32] Minh N N, Cao P, Liu Z-Z. Contour blasting parameters by using a tunnel blast design mode [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2021, 28(1): 100-111

[33] CEB. Concrete structures under impact and impulsive loading [R], 1988 187

[34] Huang Z-K, Ning C-L, Zhang D-M, et al.. PDEM-based seismic performance evaluation of circular tunnels under stochastic earthquake excitation [J]. Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards, 2024, 18(2): 513-525

[35] Mokhtari M, Alavi N A. A parametric study on the mechanical performance of buried X65 steel pipelines under subsurface detonation [J]. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 15(3): 668-679

[36] Bull J W, Woodford C H. Camouflets and their effect on runway support [J]. Computers & Structures, 1998, 69(6): 695-706

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Central South University