This multicenter, prospective observational study included 442 patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) from 13 hospitals in Anhui Province, China, aiming to systematically analyze their clinical characteristics, risk factors, and use of graduated compression stockings (GCS). The results showed that deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was the predominant clinical presentation (97.1%), of which 87.8% were isolated DVT. Patients with concurrent DVT and pulmonary embolism (PE) had a significantly higher prevalence of pre-existing cardiovascular disease compared to those with isolated DVT or PE (P < 0.05). The five most common risk factors were: history of COVID-19 infection (48.2%), hypertension (28.5%), smoking history (15.6%), obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 28 kg/m², 14.5%), followed by diabetes mellitus and admission for surgical treatment (10.0% each). Among patients with lower-extremity DVT, long-term adherence to graduated compression stockings (GCS) following discharge was suboptimal: only 26.1% maintained consistent use over two months, while 63.7% never used GCS during the entire follow-up period. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that a history of COVID-19 infection (OR = 0.227, 95% CI: 0.139–0.370) and BMI (OR = 1.069, 95% CI: 1.006–1.136) were independent predictors of sustained GCS use. This study provides real-world data on the disease spectrum, risk profile, and secondary prevention practices of VTE patients in a regional Chinese population, offering important evidence for targeted strategies to improve post-discharge GCS adherence and optimize long-term comprehensive management.

Moral injury is a critical moral and psychological issue in medical education, profoundly affecting students’ well-being and professional identity. Traditional constructs like moral distress and burnout fail to fully capture its moral essence and structural roots. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the conceptualization, distinguishing features, associated factors, and intervention strategies of moral injury in medical students. It suggests strengthening multi-level interventions, clarifying conceptual boundaries, and developing targeted assessment tools to protect students’ moral integrity, providing a reference for medical education practice and future research.

This study addresses issues such as an overemphasis on technical skills and neglect of humanistic aspects among clinical nursing educators during the transition of nursing education toward “integration of technology and humanism.” It aims to identify gaps in humanistic care practice capabilities, training needs, and contextual challenges faced by clinical nursing educators during clinical teaching. Employing a phenomenological research approach, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 clinical nursing educators with ≥5 years of experience at a tertiary-level Class A hospital in Urumqi. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 12.0 combined with Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method. Two major categories of positive and negative needs were extracted: positive needs included training to alleviate student anxiety, enhance teachers’ professional identity, and deepen understanding of humanistic theories; negative needs included high practical difficulty and insufficient awareness of caring education among teachers. The findings indicate that clinical nursing instructors have substantial training needs in humanistic care competencies. There is an urgent need to establish a standardized, institution-wide collaborative training system and strengthen reflective practice capabilities. Through two-way capacity building, nursing humanities education should shift toward simultaneously enhancing both educators’ teaching competencies and students’ learning capabilities.

Nursing staff face multiple occupational exposure risks in clinical practice, which not only affect their physical and mental health but may also negatively impact healthcare quality and patient safety. In recent years, scholars worldwide have extensively studied occupational exposure risks among nursing personnel. This review summarizes research progress on risk perception regarding occupational exposure among nursing staff, including types of occupational exposure, theoretical foundations of risk perception, research tools, and influencing factors. By analyzing existing studies, it aims to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and management of occupational exposure risks among nursing personnel.

Background: The incident rate of postoperative VTE in gynaecological cancer patients is high. However, taking appropriate prevention and treatment measures can reduce the incidence of VTE in gynaecological patients and improve the prognosis of surgical patients. The Ottawa Model of Research Use (OMRU) provides a comprehensive framework and theoretical guidance for the application of research results and the promotion of practical change. This model is highly suitable as the foundation for VTE prevention decision-making. Previous studies have not explored the prevention of postoperative VTE in gynaecological cancer patients from the perspective of OMRU. Design: A qualitative descriptive design was used. Data were collected from nurses (n = 17) and doctors (n = 2) in the gynaecological oncology departments of two tertiary comprehensive hospitals. The data were analysed using content analysis, and the reporting follows a qualitative research checklist (COREQ). Results: This study conducted interviews with 19 medical staff members in gynecological oncology departments to identify factors influencing the implementation of VTE prevention measures. at the organizational level, The identified facilitating factors include: a heightened awareness of VTE prevention, a strong sense of responsibility among medical staff, personal experiences, departmental supervision, departmental training, management support and communication, quality control and oversight, assessment indicators, training management, incentive measures, and social benefits. At the patient level, facilitating factors include patient preferences, the impact of medical education, and the roles of both patients and their family members. Conversely, at the organizational level, hindering factors include insufficient promotion of preventive measures, a diminished sense of personal value among medical staff, and increased workload. At the patient level, hindering factors include low levels of attention from patients and their families, inadequate patient self-experience, the influence of disease-related factors, negative impacts on patients, and economic burdens. Finally, at the systemic level, there exist intricate challenges pertaining to the optimization of medical record systems and the management of mechanical prevention equipment for VTE. Uncontrollable factors primarily encompass reimbursement policies for VTE prevention initiatives, the expansion of community healthcare services, and the presence of multiple manufacturers of VTE mechanical prevention devices. Conclusions: It is essential to optimize and validate VTE prevention measures implemented by nursing staff is essential. Future efforts should focus on developing a postoperative VTE prevention and care plan for gynecological cancer patients grounded in evidence-based practicesto improve patient outcomes. Aims and objectives: To describe the practical experience of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention among gynaecological tumour nursing staff and summarize the influencing factors of VTE prevention measures, including both promotion factors and hindering factors.

This review provides a narrative synthesis of major risk categories and corresponding identification tools in early childhood development (ECD), covering five key categories: impaired health and physiological function, nutritional and physical development deviations, insufficient responsive care, limited access to early learning opportunities, and safety and environmental instability. These risks arise from interconnected mechanisms: impaired health disrupts biological systems; nutritional and physical deviations hinder growth and neurodevelopment; insufficient responsive care weakens social-emotional development; limited early learning constrains cognition and language; and safety and environmental instability affect developmental trajectories through chronic stress pathways. The review further summarizes widely used national and international assessment tools, including health and neurodevelopmental screening instruments, nutritional assessment methods, caregiver-child interaction measures, learning environment evaluation tools, and comprehensive ECD monitoring instruments. Their applications, strengths, and limitations are discussed in detail. Future directions include developing dynamic, multidimensional, and cross-culturally valid assessment frameworks, enhancing the cultural adaptation of existing tools, and strengthening the integration of assessment with policy action and targeted interventions. Establishing a scientific, systematic, and equitable ECD risk identification system will provide essential support for precision intervention, evidence-based policymaking, and the promotion of holistic development for all children.