Simulation Analysis of Dynamic Behavior of Lander Footpad Impact on Lunar Regolith

Abstract

It is important to study the interaction between lander footpad and lunar regolith for landing stability, safety and landing mechanism design. In this paper, a dynamic mechanical model of lunar regolith impacted by footpads with angle is built, and the dynamic changes of lunar soil under 0°、8°、15°、22° impact angle and 1 m/s, 2 m/s and 4 m/s impact velocity are analyzed by Discrete Element Method (DEM). It is concluded that the maximum impact force is 5080.6 N when the impact velocity is 4 m/s and the impact angle is 0°, and the impact angle was larger; the impact force is smaller when the vertical displacement is the same. In addition, the bigger the angle of footpad impact on lunar soil, the smaller the compaction effect on lunar soil. The change of porosity before and after 22° is only 26.5 %. When the impact angle is fixed, the higher the velocity, the more compact the lunar soil is, and the greater degree of compaction. When the impact velocity is 4 m/s, the change of porosity before and after the impact is 78.1%. The research has certain reference significance for the design of landing mechanism and landing control.

Keywords

lander / footpad / impact / discrete element simulation / lunar regolith

References

[1] 曾福明，杨建中. 月球及行星探测器软着陆缓冲器技术综述[C]//中国宇航学会深空探测技术专业委员会会议论文集. 哈尔滨：CDSET，2005.
ZENG F M，YANG J Z. Technical overview of soft landing buffers for lunar and panetary probes[C]//Proceedings of the Conference of the Professional Committee of Deep Space Exploration Technology of the Chinese Astronautical Society. Harbin：CDSET，2005.
[2] 丁宗茂,王春洁. 探测器触地机关软着陆稳定性分析[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报,2018(3):614-620
DING Z M, WANG C J. Stability analysis of explorer in soft landing mode of engine shutdown at touchdown[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2018(3):614-620
[3] WU H Y，WANG C J，DING J Z，et al. Dynamics simulation analysis for novel lander based on two kinds of landing mode[C]//9th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation（ICMTMA）. Piscataway：ICMTMA，2017.
[4] 王少纯,邓宗全. 微型月球着陆器冲击隔离着陆腿研究[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004,26(2):180-182
WANG S C,DENG Z Q. Research on impact isolation landing leg of miniature lunar lander[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2004,26(2):180-182
[5] 丁建中,王春洁,王家俊,等. 着陆工况对月球探测器着陆缓冲性能影响分析[J]. 载人航天,2016,22(1):132-137
DING J Z, WANG C J,WANG J J,et al. Analysis of the impact of landing conditions on the lunar probe landing buffer performance[J]. Manned Spaceflight,2016,22(1):132-137
[6] 吴晓君,钟世英. 着陆器足垫垂直冲击模型试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2012(4):1045-1050
WU X J,ZHONG S Y. Model test research on vertical impact of lander foot pad[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012(4):1045-1050
[7] 黄晗,李建桥. 着陆器足垫冲击特性模拟试验[J]. 吉林大学学报,2017(4):1194-1200
HUANG H,LI J Q. Simulation test of impact characteristics of lander footpads[J]. Journal of Jilin University,2017(4):1194-1200
[8] 郝飞,蒋明镜. TJ-1模拟月壤承载特性室内试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2015(7):1953-1958
HAO F,JIANG M J. Experimental mirror. TJ-1 lunar soil bearing characteristics simulation chamber[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015(7):1953-1958
[9] 朱汪,杨建中. 月球探测器软着陆机构着陆稳定性仿真分析[J]. 宇航学报,2009,30(5):1792-1796
ZHU W,YANG J Z. Simulation analysis of landing stability of lunar probe soft landing mechanism[J]. Journal of Astronautics,2009,30(5):1792-1796
[10] NOHMI M. Modeling for lunar lander by mechanical dynamicssoftware[C]//AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit. Reston：AIAA，2005.
[11] 龙铝波,卿启湘,文桂林,等. 基于ADAMS的着陆器软着陆稳定性仿真分析[J]. 工程设计学报,2010,17(5):334-338,387
LONG L B,QING Q X,WEN G L,et al. Simulation analysis of soft landing stability of lander based on ADAMS[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design,2010,17(5):334-338,387
[12] 刘焕焕. 多腿式月球探测软着陆器着陆动力学建模与仿真研究[D]. 南昌：南昌大学，2008.
LIU H H. Modeling and simulation of landing dynamics of multi-legged lunar exploration soft lander[D]. Nanchang：Nanchang University，2008.
[13] HUANG H,LI J Q,CHEN B C,et al. Experiment of impact performance of space lander footpad[J]. Journal of Jinlin University,2017,47(4):1194-1200
[14] SHUAI Y,HONG N,MING Z,et al. Analysis on landing dynamics and influence factors of near space manned capsule[J]. Journal of Astronautics,2018,39(3):264-274
[15] ZHENG G,NIE H,CHEN J,et al. Dynamic analysis of lunar lander during soft landing using explicit finite element method[J]. Acta Astronautica,2018,148:69-81
[16] 梁绍敏,王永滨,季顺迎. 基于离散元方法的月球着陆器冲击月壤过程分析[J]. 航天返回与遥感,2017(4):55-63
LIANG S M, WANG Y B, JI S Y. Analysis of landing impact process of lunar landing lander based on discrete element method[J]. Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing,2017(4):55-63
[17] 梁绍敏,王永滨,王立武,等. 月球着陆器着陆过程的DEM-FEM耦合分析[J]. 固体力学学报,2019,40(1):39-50
LIANG S M,WANG Y B,WANG L W,et al. DEM-FEM coupling analysis of the landing process of the lunar lander[J]. Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics,2019,40(1):39-50