Research on the Near-Earth Asteroid Observation Technology

Abstract

A huge number of Near-Earth-Asteroids（NEA）pose potential threat to the security of earth. There are also large numbers of hazardous asteroids have not yet been found due to our observation technology. Aiming at the development of near Earth Asteroid space observation technology，this paper analyzes the status and level of NEAs observation technology domestic and overseas，and combining the comparison of the capabilities between the space / ground asteroid observation platform，we promote our scheme of space infrared asteroid observation based on our technology. The scheme plan to research asteroids and get its spectrum information through VIS-IR technology，through cooperative observations with space platform and ground equipment network，and then construction an integrated asteroid observation system of our country. At the same time，through the comprehensive analysis of defense strategies and utilization value of asteroids，some preliminary suggestions about the NEA’s observation，early warning，defense and other missions in china are proposed.

Keywords

Near Earth Asteroid / space observation / infrared technology

References

[1] 马鹏斌,宝音贺西. 近地小行星威胁与防御方案研究现状[J]. 深空探测学报,2016,3(1):10-17
MA P B,BAOYIN H X. Research status of the near-Earth asteroids’ hazard and mitigation[J]. Journal of Deep Space Exploration,2016,3(1):10-17
[2] 李飞,孟林智,王彤,等. 国外近地小行星撞击地球防御技术研究[J]. 航天器工程,2015,24(2):87-95
LI F,MENG L Z,WANG T,et al. Research on defense technology approach on planetoid crash Earth[J]. Spacecraft Engineering,2015,24(2):87-95
[3] 胡中为. 保卫地球——近地天体的巡视与防御陨击的对策[J]. 自然杂志,2010,32(3):166-173
HU Z W. Defend Earth—touring near Earth asteroid and defense approach of aerolite crash[J]. Natural Forum,2010,32(3):166-173
[4] 杨志根,林清. 地球上的天体撞击事件[J]. 科学前沿,2007,53(4):12-16
YANG Z G,LIN Q. Incidences of astrometry crash in the Earth[J]. Science Advance,2007,53(4):12-16
[5] NASA. Planetary defense coordination office[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14]. https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense/overview
[6] RON C. The day the dinosaurs died[J]. Astronomy,1996,24(4):34-41
[7] 李俊峰,曾祥远. 不规则小行星引力场内的飞行动力学[J]. 力学进展,2017,47(1):429-451
LI J F,ZENG X Y. Flight dynamics over irregular asteroids[J]. Advances in Mechanics,2017,47(1):429-451
[8] 朱进,高健,关敏,等. 小行星的搜寻和定轨[J]. 云南天文台台刊,2002(3):17-20
ZHU J,GAO J,GUAN M,et al. Asteroid searching and orbit determination[J]. Yunnan Observatory Journal,2002(3):17-20
[9] 徐伟彪,赵海斌. 小行星深空探测的科学意义和展望[J]. 地球科学进展,2005,20(11):1182-1190
XU W B,ZHAO H B. Deep space exploration of asteroids:the science perspectives[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(11):1182-1190
[10] 黄江川,王晓磊,孟林智. 嫦娥二号卫星飞越4179小行星逼近策略及成像技术[J]. 中国科学:科学技术,2013,43(5):478-486
HUANG J C,WANG X L,MENG L Z. The approach stage and imaging technology of CHANG E II satellite flyover the 4179 planetoid[J]. Science China Press:Science Technology,2013,43(5):478-486
[11] 欧阳自远. 小行星撞击地球的“祸”与“福”[J]. 地球资源导刊,2013(5):86-92
OUYANG Z Y. The disaster and blessing of asteroid impact Earth[J]. Earth Resource Guide,2013(5):86-92
[12] CHYBA C F,THOMAS P J,ZAHNLE K J. The 1908 Tunguska explosion-atmospheric disruption of a stony steroid[J]. Nature,1993(361):40-44
[13] BROWN P G,ASSINK J D,ASTI L,et al. A 500-kiloton airburst over Chelyabinsk and an enhanced hazard from small impactors[J]. Nature,2013,503(7475):238-241
[14] CHESLEY S R. Potential impact detection for near-Earth asteroids:the case of 99942 Apophis (2004MN 4)[J]. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union,2005,1(S229):215-228
[15] 邬静云. 太阳帆绳系小行星动力学与控制研究[D]. 南京：南京航空航天大学，2016.
WU J Y. Research on the dynamics and control of a tethered system formed by an asteroid and a solar sail[D]. Nanjing：Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，2016.
[16] CARLOS M R，SHEN H J，JESICK M，et al. Catching a rolling stone：dynamics and control of a spacecraft and an asteroid[C]//IAA-PDC13-04-27，Flagstaff. [S.l.]：IAA，2013.
[17] 马楠,贵先洲. 国外空间碎片清除计划[J]. 国际太空,2013(2):64-69
MA N,GUI X Z. The removal plan from space debris in abroad[J]. International Space,2013(2):64-69
[18] 张玉军,冯书兴. 主动式空间碎片清理研究[J]. 装备指挥技术学院学报,2010,21(6):78-82
ZHANG Y J,FENG S X. Research on active space debris removal[J]. Journal of the Academy of Equipment Command & Technoloy,2010,21(6):78-82
[19] The International Astronomical Union Minor planet center. Minor planet center[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14].https://www.minorplantcenter.net.
[20] NASA. Discovery statistics[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14]. https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/stats/.
[21] MAINZER A. NEOWISE observations of near-Earth objects:preliminary results[J]. The Astrophys Journal,2011(743):56-172
[22] OSTRO S J，GIORGINI J D. The role of radar in predicting and preventing asteroid and comet collisions with Earth in mitigation of hazardous comets and asteroids[M]. UA：Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge，Cambridge，Mass，2004.
[23] OSTRO S J，GIORGINI R. The role of ground-based radar in near-Earth object tracking，characterization and threat mitigation[C]//Near-Earth Object Study. Vail. Colorado：[s.n.]，2006.
[24] PAN-STARRS. The panoramic survey telescope and rapid response system[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14].http://pswww.ifa.hawaii.edu/pswww.
[25] OFFICE OF AUDITS. NASA’s efforts to identify near-Earth objects and mitigate hazards[R]. USA：NASA，2014.
[26] THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA. Catalina sky survey-about CSS[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14]. https://catalina.lpl.arizona.edu/about.
[27] THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA. Spacewatch-telescopes[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14]. http://spacewatch.lpl.arizona.edu/.
[28] THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA. The experimental test site at White Sands Missile range. [EB/OL]. [2018-03-14]. https://www.ll.mit.edu/About/facilities?tag=536.
[29] VADUVESCU O,BIRLAN M,TUDORICA A,et al. Euro near-recovery follow-up and discovery of NEAs and MBAs using large field 1-2 m telescopes[J]. Planetary and Space Science,2011,59(13):1632-1646
[30] PMO. Near earth object telescope[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14]. https://http://www.pmo.ac.cn/jgsz/yjsz/xxkxhsktcyjb/jdttwyj/.
[31] MANIZER A. NEOWISE observations of near-Earth objects:preliminary results[J]. The Astrophys Journal,2011(743):156-172
[32] NEO. NEOSSat：Cananda’s sentinel in the sky[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14]. http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/satellites/neossat/.
[33] BRAND W,FRANK P L,ROBERT S,et al. The near Earth object surveillance satellite[J]. Photonic Applications in Astronomy,Biomedicine,Imaging,Materials Processing,and Education,2004,5578(1):1-32
[34] ROSS F,OLAF E,THIMO G J,et al. A space-based mission to characterize the IEO population[J]. Acta Astronautica,2013,90(1):33-40
[35] NASA. Near-Earth object survey and deflection analysis of alternatives，report to congress[R]. USA：NASA，2007.
[36] 张翔,季江徽. 近地小行星地基雷达探测研究现状[J]. 天文学进展,2014,32(1):24-39
ZHANG X,JI J H. Research status on Erath based-Rader explore near Earth asteroid[J]. Progress in Astronomy,2014,32(1):24-39
[37] ROBERT J,ALESSANDRO M,TIMOTHY S,et al. Earth and space-based NEO survey simulations:prospects for achieving the space guard goal[J]. Icarus,2003,161(1):17-33
[38] NEO. NEOCam：finding asteroids before the find us[EB/OL ]. [2018-03-14]. https://neocam.ipac.caltech.edu/.
[39] NEO. CROWN：constellation of heterogeneous wide -field NEO Surveyors[EB/OL]. [2018-03-14]. http://www.qxslab.cn/stare/content/details179_1325.html.
[40] 刘雪奇,孙海彬,孙胜利. 近地小行星防御策略分析[J]. 深空探测学报,2017,4(6):557-563
LIU X Q,SUN H B,SUN S L. Analysis of defense strategies of near-Earth asteroids[J]. Journal of Deep Space Exploration,2017,4(6):557-563
[41] SANCHEZ P,COLOMBO C,VASILE M,et al. Multi-criteria comparison among several mitigation strategies for dangerous near-Earth objects[J]. Journal of Guidance Control & Dynamics,2009,32(1):121-142
[42] LU E T,LOVE S G. Gravitational tractor for towing asteroids[J]. Nature,2005,438(7065):177-178