Effects of quaternary ammonium chain length on the antibacterial and remineralizing effects of a calcium phosphate nanocomposite

Abstract

The antibacterial activity of dental composites with ammonium polymer additives depends on the polymers' chain length. Dental composites formed from calcium phosphate in its nanoparticulate form are used as a remineralization agent for tooth lesions and to prevent tooth decay. To further prevent decay, which occurs following bacterial biofilm formation, antibacterial agents can be added to the composites. Hockin HK Xu, University of Maryland, USA, Yu-Xing Bai at Capital Medical University in Beijing, and colleagues synthesized quaternary ammonium methacrylates with chain lengths varying from 3 to 18 carbons, and assessed their anti-biofilm activity in calcium phosphate composites. The antibacterial efficacy increased with chain length until a maximum was reached at 16, the efficacy decreasing thereafter. The maximum efficacy resulted in a 10-fold reduction in biofilm metabolic activity and acid production, without any detrimental mechanical effects.

Keywords

antibacterial nanocomposite / calcium phosphate nanoparticles / caries inhibition / human saliva microcosm biofilm / quaternary ammonium chain length

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