Description of martensitic transformation kinetics in Fe–C–X (X = Ni, Cr, Mn, Si) system by a modified model

Xiyuan Geng, Hongcan Chen, Jingjing Wang, Yu Zhang, Qun Luo, Qian Li

International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5) : 1026-1036. DOI: 10.1007/s12613-023-2780-9

Description of martensitic transformation kinetics in Fe–C–X (X = Ni, Cr, Mn, Si) system by a modified model

Author information +
History +

Abstract

Controlling the content of athermal martensite and retained austenite is important to improving the mechanical properties of high-strength steels, but a mechanism for the accurate description of martensitic transformation during the cooling process must be addressed. At present, frequently used semi-empirical kinetics models suffer from huge errors at the beginning of transformation, and most of them fail to exhibit the sigmoidal shape characteristic of transformation curves. To describe the martensitic transformation process accurately, based on the Magee model, we introduced the changes in the nucleation activation energy of martensite with temperature, which led to the varying nucleation rates of this model during martensitic transformation. According to the calculation results, the relative error of the modified model for the martensitic transformation kinetics curves of Fe–C–X (X = Ni, Cr, Mn, Si) alloys reached 9.5% compared with those measured via the thermal expansion method. The relative error was approximately reduced by two-thirds compared with that of the Magee model. The incorporation of nucleation activation energy into the kinetics model contributes to the improvement of its precision.

Keywords

Fe–C–X system / martensitic transformation / kinetics curve / semi-empirical model / nucleation activation energy

Cite this article

Download citation ▾
Xiyuan Geng, Hongcan Chen, Jingjing Wang, Yu Zhang, Qun Luo, Qian Li. Description of martensitic transformation kinetics in Fe–C–X (X = Ni, Cr, Mn, Si) system by a modified model. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2024, 31(5): 1026‒1036 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2780-9

References

[[1]]
Yao C, Wang M, Ni YJ, et al.. Effect of traveling-wave magnetic field on dendrite growth of high-strength steel slab: Industrial trials and numerical simulation. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2023, 30(9): 1716,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[2]]
Wang WL, Wang LK, Lyu PS. Kinetics of austenite growth and bainite transformation during reheating and cooling treatments of high strength microalloyed steel produced by subrapid solidification. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2023, 30(2): 354,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[3]]
Yuan XY, Wu Y, Liu XJ, Wang H, Jiang SH, ZP. Revealing the role of local shear strain partition of transformable particles in a TRIP-reinforced bulk metallic glass composite via digital image correlation. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2022, 29(4): 807,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[4]]
De Moor E, Speer JG, Matlock DK, Kwak JH, Lee SB. Quenching and partitioning of CMnSi steels containing elevated manganese levels. Steel Res. Int., 2012, 83(4): 322,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[5]]
HajyAkbary F, Sietsma J, Miyamoto G, Furuhara T, Santofimia MJ. Interaction of carbon partitioning, carbide precipitation and bainite formation during the Q&P process in a low C steel. Acta Mater., 2016, 104: 72,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[6]]
Kähkönen J, Pierce DT, Speer JG, et al.. Quenched and partitioned CMnSi steels containing 0.3wt.% and 0.4wt.% carbon. JOM, 2016, 68(1): 210,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[7]]
Wang L, Dong CF, Man C, Hu YB, Yu Q, Li XG. Effect of microstructure on corrosion behavior of high strength martensite steel—A literature review. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2021, 28(5): 754,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[8]]
Miyamoto G, Oh J, Hono K, Furuhara T, Maki T. Effect of partitioning of Mn and Si on the growth kinetics of cementite in tempered Fe–0.6 mass% C martensite. Acta Mater., 2007, 55(15): 5027,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[9]]
Y. Toji, H. Matsuda, M. Herbig, P.P. Choi, and D. Raabe, Atomic-scale analysis of carbon partitioning between martensite and austenite by atom probe tomography and correlative transmission electron microscopy, Acta Mater., 65(2014), p. 215.
[[10]]
P.F. Gao, F. Li, K. An, Z.Z. Zhao, X.H. Chu, and H. Cui, Microstructure and deformation mechanism of Si-strengthened intercritically annealed quenching and partitioning steels, Mater. Charact., 191(2022), art. No. 112145.
[[11]]
Pierce DT, Coughlin DR, Clarke KD, et al.. Microstructural evolution during quenching and partitioning of 0.2C–1.5Mn–1.3Si steels with Cr or Ni additions. Acta Mater., 2018, 151: 454,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[12]]
Luo Q, Chen HC, Chen W, Wang CC, Xu W, Li Q. Thermodynamic prediction of martensitic transformation temperature in Fe–Ni–C system. Scripta Mater., 2020, 187: 413,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[13]]
Y. Li, L.Y. Wang, K.Y. Zhu, C.C. Wang and W. Xu, An integral transformation model for the combined calculation of key martensitic transformation temperatures and martensite fraction, Mater. Des., 219(2022), art. No. 110768.
[[14]]
Chen HC, Xu W, Luo Q, et al.. Thermodynamic prediction of martensitic transformation temperature in Fe–C–X (X=Ni, Mn, Si, Cr) systems with dilatational coefficient model. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 112: 291,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[15]]
L.H. Liu and B. Guo, Dilatometric analysis and kinetics research of martensitic transformation under a temperature gradient and stress, Materials, 14(2021), No. 23, art. No. 7271.
[[16]]
Li MY, Yao D, Yang L, Wang HR, Guan YP. Kinetic analysis of austenite transformation for B1500HS high-strength steel during continuous heating. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2020, 27(11): 1508,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[17]]
van Bohemen SMC. The nonlinear lattice expansion of iron alloys in the range 100–1600K. Scripta Mater., 2013, 69(4): 315,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[18]]
Yang HS, Bhadeshia HKDH. Uncertainties in dilatometric determination of martensite start temperature. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2007, 23(5): 556,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[19]]
Koistinen DP, Marburger RE. A general equation prescribing the extent of the austenite-martensite transformation in pure iron–carbon alloys and plain carbon steels. Acta Metall., 1959, 7(1): 59,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[20]]
van Bohemen SMC, Sietsma J. Effect of composition on kinetics of athermal martensite formation in plain carbon steels. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2009, 25(8): 1009,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[21]]
Skrotzki B. The course of the volume fraction of martensite vs. temperature function M x(T). J. Phys. IV France, 1991, 1(C4): 367,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[22]]
Guimarães JRC, Rios PR. Modeling lath martensite transformation curve. Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2013, 44(1): 2,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[23]]
Magee CL. Aaronson HI, Zackay VF. The nucleation of martensite. Phase Transformations, 1970 Materials Park, Ohio ASM International
[[24]]
Yu HY. A new model for the volume fraction of martensitic transformations. Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1997, 28(12): 2499,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[25]]
Fei HY, Hedström P, Höglund L, Borgenstam A. A thermodynamic-based model to predict the fraction of martensite in steels. Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2016, 47(9): 4404,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[26]]
Guimarães JRC, Rios PR, Alves ALM. Power-law description of martensite transformation curves. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 37(17): 1362,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[27]]
Nenchev B, Tao Q, Dong ZH, et al.. Evaluating data-driven algorithms for predicting mechanical properties with small datasets: A case study on gear steel hardenability. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2022, 29(4): 836,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[28]]
Fisher JC, Hollomon JH, Turnbull D. Kinetics of the austenite-martensite transformation. JOM, 1949, 1(10): 691,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[29]]
Gao QZ, Wang C, Qu F, Wang YL, Qiao ZX. Martensite transformation kinetics in 9Cr–1.7W–0.4Mo–Co ferritic steel. J. Alloys Compd., 2014, 610: 322,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[30]]
Chou K. General solution model and its new progress. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2022, 29(4): 577,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[31]]
Liu XY, Sun FY, Wang W, et al.. Effect of chromium interlayer thickness on interfacial thermal conductance across copper/diamond interface. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2022, 29(11): 2020,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[32]]
Hong M, Wang K, Chen YZ, Liu F. A thermo-kinetic model for martensitic transformation kinetics in low-alloy steels. J. Alloys Compd., 2015, 647: 763,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[33]]
Pati SR, Cohen M. Nucleation of the isothermal martensitic transformation. Acta Metall., 1969, 17(3): 189,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[34]]
E.J. Pickering, J. Collins, A. Stark, L.D. Connor, A.A. Kiely, and H.J. Stone, In situ observations of continuous cooling transformations in low alloy steels, Mater. Charact., 165(2020), art. No. 110355.
[[35]]
Chen W, Chen HC, Wang CC, et al.. Effect of dilatational strain energy of Fe–C–Ni system on martensitic transformation. Acta Metall. Sin., 2022, 58(2): 175
[[36]]
Guimarães JRC, Rios PR. Microstructural path analysis of martensite dimensions in FeNiC and FeC alloys. Mater. Res., 2015, 18(3): 595,
CrossRef Google scholar
[[37]]
Rios PR, Guimarães JRC. Athermal martensite transformation curve. Mater. Res., 2016, 19(2): 490,
CrossRef Google scholar

Accesses

Citations

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/