RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effect of a normal protein diet on oxidative stress and organ damage in malnourished rats

  • Hanane Gourine , 1 ,
  • Hadria Grar 1 ,
  • Wafaa Dib 1 ,
  • Nabila Mehedi 1 ,
  • Ahmed Boualga 2 ,
  • Djamel Saidi 1 ,
  • Omar Kheroua 1
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  • 1. Laboratory of Physiology of Nutrition and Food Safety, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Science, University of Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria
  • 2. Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Science, University of Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria

Received date: 12 May 2018

Accepted date: 08 Jul 2018

Published date: 25 Oct 2018

Copyright

2018 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We investigated the effects of three weeks of renutrition with a normal protein diet on oxidant/antioxidant status in malnourished rats using biochemistry and histology.

METHODS: Eighteen young Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group was fed on a normal protein diet; malnourished group was fed on low protein diet and renourished group was fed on low protein diet followed by a normal protein diet. Serum albumin was evaluated. Malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, superoxide dismutase and catalase levels were determined in the intestine, muscle and liver. Intestinal and hepatic damage were assessed by histological examination.

RESULTS: Protein malnutrition resulted in a significant decrease of body weight, albumin level, villus length, intraepithelial lymphocytes counts (IELC) and superoxide dismutase level (liver and muscle). However, catalase activity increased significantly in muscle and gut but there was no difference in liver. In all organs, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl content of malnourished group showed a significant increase. Interestingly, a normal protein diet for three weeks resulted in a return to normal levels of superoxide dismutase, albumin, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in all organs. Catalase activity decreased in the muscle and gut and exhibited no significant difference in the liver. The renutrition diet enhanced also the recovery of intestinal epithelium by increasing villus length. Hepatic damage of rats fed normal protein diet was markedly reduced (macrovesicular steatosis decreased by 45%).

CONCLUSION: The normal protein diet could improve the oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and organ damage induced by protein malnutrition.

Cite this article

Hanane Gourine , Hadria Grar , Wafaa Dib , Nabila Mehedi , Ahmed Boualga , Djamel Saidi , Omar Kheroua . Effect of a normal protein diet on oxidative stress and organ damage in malnourished rats[J]. Frontiers in Biology, 2018 , 13(5) : 366 -375 . DOI: 10.1007/s11515-018-1511-5

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Directorate General for Scientific Research and Technological Development (DGRSDT, MESRS, Algeria).

Declaration of interest

The author confirms that this article content has no conflict of interest.
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