Proximate composition and elemental analysis in soft tissues of freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina) from the Chashma Lake, River Indus Pakistan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Aquatic invertebrates are playing an important role in assessment of the water contaminants and also serve as a major component of food chain. Freshwater mussels are considered to be the good bioindicator species of aquatic environment and widely used to determine the metals load.

METHODS: Proximate composition and elemental analysis were carried out in edible (foot, mantle) and non-edible portion (gills) of freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina) harvested from various site of Chashma Lake, River Indus Pakistan.

RESULTS: The nutritional components were varied among the studied portion and muscular foot found to be the best part for consumption. Protein and fat contents were significantly higher in foot (15.90±0.88%, 1.19±0.26%) as compared to mantle (10.78±2.24%, 0.27±0.09%) and gills (6.44±1.22%, 0.53±0.15%) respectively. For the macro minerals mantle had high concentration of Ca (46838±984 mg/kg), Na (2706±343 mg/kg), P (6921±1063 mg/kg) and Mn (7207±1046 mg/kg) as compared to foot.

CONCLUSIONS: Heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Cr) concentration in edible portions were lower than the permissible limit by WHO whereas the concentration of Pb was slightly higher than the recommended value that might be the risk for the consumers. Being filter feeder gills accumulated the high concentration of all the metals and found to be the key portion for biomonitoring studies. Freshwater mussels of Chashma Lake Indus River are the rich source of protein and all the other micro and macro minerals therefore could be used as an excellent source of food.

Keywords

proximate composition / minerals / metals / River Indus / freshwater mussel

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Acknowledgement

Many thanks to Higher Education Commission Pakistan for their funding to support the PhD Research of first author at School of Agriculture, Food and Rural development, Newcastle University UK.

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Muhammad Sohail, Muhammad Naeem Khan, Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry and Khurram Shahzad declare that they have no conflict of interest. All institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2016 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg