Metabolic regulation of adult stem cell-derived neurons

Abstract

The discovery of continuous generation of functional neurons throughout life has emerged as a major contributor to plasticity in defined regions of the adult mammalian brain. Work over the past decades identified cellular constituents of the distinct adult neurogenic niches as well as numerous signaling pathways, transcriptional and epigenetic regulators that exert tight control over the production of new neurons from resident stem cells. Recent studies uncovered developmental stage-specific adaptations of metabolic circuits and have provided evidence for their central regulatory function in the adult neurogenic lineage. Moreover, there is increasing evidence for a regulatory impact of a wide range of systemic metabolic factors including exercise induced metabolic changes and diet on the development of adult-born neurons. Here, we will summarize current knowledge and emerging principles underlying the metabolic control of neuronal maturation in adult neurogenesis.

Keywords

metabolism / adult neurogenesis / mitochondria / diet

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Bavarian Research Network on Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells “FORIPS,” the University Hospital Erlangen [Interdisciplinary center for clinical research (IZKF) grants E12 and E16 to DCL] and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (BE 5136/1-1 to RB). The authors declare no competing financial interests.

R. Beckervordersandforth, B. M. Häeberle, and D. C. Lie declare that they have no conflict of interest. This manuscript is a review article and does not involve a research protocol requiring approval by the relevant institutional review board or ethics committee.

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