Current trends of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Staphyloccus aureus (S. aureus) is a well known human pathogen known to causes a verity of infections in humans. In recent years S. aureus is reported to show drug resistant toward commonly known drugs. Therefore, this study was designed to study the pattern of antibiotic resistance in 50 clinical isolates of S. aureus isolated at Dhanwantri Hospital and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. S. aureus cultures were isolated from different clinical samples, pus, throat swabs and urine on Blood agar and MacConkey agar and Chrom agar plats and characterized by an array of microscopic and biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by standard disc diffusion method (Kirby bayer's method) on Muller Hinton agar plates. During this study, among 50  S. aureus isolates 48 (96%) were found to be resistance toward Aztreonam and Doxicycline followed by Ciprofloxacin (n = 45, 90%), Cefpodoxime and Ceftazidime (n = 44, 88%), Cefuroxime (n = 40, 80%), Pipracillin+ Tazobactum (n = 38, 76%), Cefoparazone (n = 36, 72%), Amoxicillin+ Clavulanic acid and Ceftriaxone (n = 33, 66%), Levofloxacin (n = 32, 64%), Moxifloxacin (n = 31, 62%), Ofloaxacin (n = 25, 50%), Cloxacillin (n = 22, 44%), Azithromycin (n = 21, 42%), Clindamycin (n = 19, 38%), Meropenem (n = 18, 36%), Clarithromycin (n = 16, 32%), Ampicillin+ sulbactam (n = 13, 26%), Amikacin (n = 12, 24%), Impipenem (n = 8, 16%), Linezolid and Methicillin (n = 7, 14%) and Teicoplanin (n = 3, 6%). In conclusion, the isolated S. aureus found to be resistant toward common antibiotics, however all isolates were found to be susceptible to Vancomycin.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Staphyloccus aureus / infections / antibiotic resistance

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank management of Dhanwantri Hospital and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India and Shri JJT University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India for providing necessary facilities and support for the completion of this work.

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Kapil Dev Sharma, Rajendra Prasad Saini, Loganathan Karthik declare that they have no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg