Sterol-binding proteins and endosomal cholesterol transport

Abstract

Endosomal compartments sort and deliver exogenous lipoprotein-derived cholesterol to the endoplasmic reticulum for regulating cellular cholesterol homeostasis. A large number of studies have focused on the removal of endosomal cholesterol, since its accumulation leads to devastating human diseases. Recent studies suggest that cytoplasmic sterol-binding proteins may be involved in endosomal cholesterol transport. In particular, endosome/lysosome-localized or-associated cholesterol-binding proteins may serve as key mediators of cholesterol removal in a non-vesicular manner. Further characterization of these cholesterol-binding proteins will shed light on the molecular mechanisms that regulate endosomal cholesterol sorting.

Keywords

NPC1 / NPC2 / OSBP/ORP / StAR protein / endosomal cholesterol transport

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Acknowledgements

This work is jointly supported by research grants from the Ara Parseghian Medical Research Foundation and the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (#510271). X. D. is a recipient of an Early Career in Research Award in the Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales. H. Y. is an inaugural Future Fellow of the Australian Research Council.

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