Genetic Study Identifies CBLN4 as a Novel Susceptibility Gene for Accident Proneness

Abstract

Frequent traffic accidents constitute a major danger to human beings. The accident-prone driver who has the stable physiological, psychological, and behavioral characteristics is one of the most prominent causes of traffic accidents. The internal link between the individual characteristics and the accident proneness has been a difficult point in the accident prevention research. The authors selected accident-prone drivers as cases and safe drivers as controls (case-control group) from 18,360 drivers who were enrolled from three public transportation incorporations of China using area stratified sampling method. The case-control groups were 1:1 matched. The authors performed genome-wide association study (GWAS) by 179 cases and 179 controls using the U.S. Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human Mapping SNP 6.0 Array. The authors observed that the gene frequencies of 34 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three regions of cases were higher than those in the control (P<10⁻⁴). The authors then tested two independent replication sets for strong association 6 SNPs in 349 pairs of case-control drivers using the U.S. ABI 3730 sequencing method. The results indicated that SNP rs6069499 within linked CBLN4 gene are strongly associated with accident proneness (P_combined=6.37×10⁻¹⁰). According to CBLN4 gene mainly involved in adrenal development and the regulation of secretion, the authors performed 12 biochemical parameters of the blood using radioimmunoassay. The levels of dopamine (DA) and adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) hormone showed significant differences between accident-prone drivers and safe drivers (P_DA=0.03, P_ACTH=0.01). It is suggested that the accident-prone drivers may have the idiosyncrasy of susceptibility.

Keywords

accident proneness / genome-wide association study (GWAS) / dopamine (DA) / ACTH / susceptibility gene / traffic accident epidemiology / accident prevention / traffic safety / three-dimensional model

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank all of the study participants. This work was supported by grants from the Research Foundation of Anhui Sanlian University. The authors thank Anhui Sanlian Applied Traffic Technology Co., Ltd., the Hangzhou Public Transportation Group of China, Xi’an Public Transportation Group of China, Qiqihar Public Transportation Group of China, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Tradition Medicine, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Chinese National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, and other units for providing us with a great deal of help.

Authors’ contributions

Hui-qing Jin conceived and designed this study and obtained financial support. Shu-lin Zhang and Liang-dan Sun analyzed the data and performed the epidemiological investigation. Yang Song undertook related data analysis and performed experiments. Wan-sheng Yu managed recruitment and obtained biological samples. All of the authors contributed to the final paper, and Hui-qing Jin played key roles. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2016 The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at engineering.cae.cn