Dual Additives for Stabilizing Li Deposition and SEI Formation in Anode-Free Li-Metal Batteries
Baolin Wu , Chunguang Chen , Dmitri L. Danilov , Zhiqiang Chen , Ming Jiang , Rüdiger-A. Eichel , Peter H. L. Notten
Energy & Environmental Materials ›› 2024, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3) : 12642
Dual Additives for Stabilizing Li Deposition and SEI Formation in Anode-Free Li-Metal Batteries
Anode-free Li-metal batteries are of significant interest to energy storage industries due to their intrinsically high energy. However, the accumulative Li dendrites and dead Li continuously consume active Li during cycling. That results in a short lifetime and low Coulombic efficiency of anode-free Li-metal batteries. Introducing effective electrolyte additives can improve the Li deposition homogeneity and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) stability for anode-free Li-metal batteries. Herein, we reveal that introducing dual additives, composed of LiAsF6 and fluoroethylene carbonate, into a low-cost commercial carbonate electrolyte will boost the cycle life and average Coulombic efficiency of NMC||Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries. The NMC||Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with the dual additives exhibit a capacity retention of about 75% after 50 cycles, much higher than those with bare electrolytes (35%). The average Coulombic efficiency of the NMC||Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with additives can maintain 98.3% over 100 cycles. In contrast, the average Coulombic efficiency without additives rapidly decline to 97% after only 50 cycles. In situ Raman measurements reveal that the prepared dual additives facilitate denser and smoother Li morphology during Li deposition. The dual additives significantly suppress the Li dendrite growth, enabling stable SEI formation on anode and cathode surfaces. Our results provide a broad view of developing low-cost and high-effective functional electrolytes for high-energy and long-life anode-free Li-metal batteries.
anode-free lithium metal battery / dual additives / in situ Raman / Li growth / SEI formation
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2023 The Authors. Energy & Environmental Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Zhengzhou University.
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