Micro-/nano-engineering for battery materials and interface

Abstract

After decades of development, lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries have established mature material systems, electrode structures and production technologies. In spite of this, high-performance batteries with both favorable energy density and power density are substantially explored to meet the requirement of long-mileage electric vehicles and long-duration energy storage. To balance the contradiction between energy density and power density, engineering micro-/nano-structures is recognized as an effective approach that combines the advantages of both micro- and nanoarchitectures. This paper comprehensively summarizes the micro-/nano-engineering in material production, electrode manufacture, and interface regulation of lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. The benefit of micro-/nano-structure on the enhanced cycling life and rate capability is discussed in detail, and promising engineering strategies in future commercial batteries are envisaged. This review provides a basic understanding of the role of micro-/nano-structural engineering in promoting battery performance, and also guidance for the multidimensional and multiscale design of micro/nano-architectures toward practical applications.

Keywords

Micro-/nano-engineering / materials production / electrode manufacture / interface regulation

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