Converting plastic-contaminated agricultural residues into fit-for-purpose biochar soil amendment: an initial study

Abstract

•	The obtained biochar was nutrient-rich, porous, and low in Pb and Cd.
•	The PAHs concentrations in the biochars rose with increasing pyrolysis temperatures.
•	Biochar pyrolyzed at 500 °C exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for Pb and Cd.
•	Biochars significantly promoted cabbage yield and immobilized soil Pb and Cd.
•	Biochars raised Acpy and Nap in cabbage leaves but BaP and total PAHs within safe levels.

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Funding

Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(BE2022307); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20231477); Guangdong Provincial Housing and Urban–Rural Development(2023-K33-415203)