Incorporation of canola meal as a sustainable natural filler in PLA foams

Abstract

Valorization of CM as a sustainable natural filler in PLA biocomposite foams

Modification of CM is not mandatory for interphase compatibility with the PLA

PLA-CM foams have similar appearance and properties to control PLA foams

New PLA-CM foams can be a good alternative in the packaging industry

Keywords

Biocomposite / Canola meal / Foam / Natural filler / Packaging / Poly(lactic acid)

References

[1] Alashi AM, Blanchard CL, Mailer RJ, Agboola SO. Technological and bioactive functionalities of canola meal proteins and hydrolysates. Food Reviews Int, 2013, 29: 231-260.

[2] Bourmaud A, Beaugrand J, Shah DU, Placet V, Baley C. Towards the design of high-performance plant fibre composites. Prog Mater Sci, 2018, 97: 347-408.

[3] de Lima GG, Schoenherr ZCP, Magalhães WLE, . Enzymatic activities and analysis of a mycelium-based composite formation using peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) residues on Lentinula edodes. Bioresour Bioprocess, 2020, 7: 58.

[4] de Teixeira M, de Campos E, Marconcini A, Bondancia JM, Wood TJ, Klamczynski D, Mattoso A, Glenn LHC. Starch/fiber/poly(lactic acid) foam and compressed foam composites. RSC Adv, 2014, 4: 6616.

[5] Dicker MPM, Duckworth PF, Baker AB, Francois G, Hazzard MK, Weaver PM. Green composites: a review of material attributes and complementary applications. Compos Part A: Appl Sci Manuf, 2014, 56: 280-289.

[6] Din NAS, Lim SJ, Maskat MY, . Lactic acid separation and recovery from fermentation broth by ion-exchange resin: a review. Bioresour Bioprocess, 2021, 8: 31.

[7] Gurunathan T, Mohanty S, Nayak SK. A review of the recent developments in biocomposites based on natural fibres and their application perspectives. Compos Part A: Appl Sci Manuf, 2015, 77: 1-25.

[8] Han Y, Ho WW. Recent advances in polymeric membranes for CO2 capture. Chin J Chem Eng, 2018, 26(11): 2238-2254.

[9] Hassan NAA, Ahmad S, Chen RS, Shahdan D, Kassim MHM. Tailoring lightweight, mechanical and thermal performance of PLA/recycled HDPE biocomposite foams reinforced with kenaf fibre. Ind Crops Prod, 2023, 197: 116632.

[10] Huda MS, Drzal LT, Mohanty AK, Misra M. Effect of chemical modifications of the pineapple leaf fiber surfaces on the interfacial and mechanical properties of laminated biocomposites. Compos Interface, 2008, 15: 169-191.

[11] Jandas PJ, Mohanty S, Nayak SK. Mechanical properties of surface-treated banana fiber/polylactic acid biocomposites: a comparative study of theoretical and experimental values. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012, 127: 4027-4038.

[12] Khattab RY, Arntfield SD. Functional properties of raw and processed canola meal. LWT-Food Sci Technol, 2009, 42: 1119-1124.

[13] Li S, Ciardullo K, Donner E, Thompson MR, Rempel C, Liu Q. Reactive extrusion preparation and characterization of canola meal composites reinforced by a novel polymeric chain extender. Mater Des, 2018, 138: 1-10.

[14] Li S, Ciardullo K, Donner E, Thompson MR, Rempel C, Liu Q. Reactive processing preparation of sustainable composites from canola meal reinforced by chemical modification. Eur Polym J, 2018, 102: 187-194.

[15] Manamperi WA, Pryor SW, Chang SK (2007) Separation and Evaluation of Canola Meal and Protein for Industrial Bioproducts. ASABE Section Meeting Paper No. RRV-07116, St. Joseph, Michigan, 2007. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.24173

[16] Manjula P, Srinikethan G, Shetty KV. Biofibres from Biofuel industrial byproduct—Pongamia pinnata seed hull. Bioresour Bioprocess, 2017, 4: 14.

[17] Milovanovic S, Lukic I, Horvat G, Novak Z, Frerich S, Petermann M, García-González CA. Green Processing of Neat Poly (lactic acid) using Carbon Dioxide under elevated pressure for Preparation of Advanced materials: a review (2012–2022). Polymers, 2023, 15(4): 860.

[18] Mysiukiewicz O, Sulej-Chojnacka J, Kotkowiak M, Wiśniewski T, Piasecki A, Barczewski M. Evaluation of the Oil-Rich Waste Fillers’ influence on the Tribological properties of Polylactide-based composites. Materials, 2022, 15: 1237.

[19] Nofar M, Park CB. Poly (lactic acid) foaming. Prog Polym Sci, 2014, 39(10): 1721-1741.

[20] Okada M. Chemical syntheses of biodegradable polymers. Prog Poly Sc, 2002, 27: 87-133.

[21] Okubo K, Fujii T, Thostenson ET. Multi-scale hybrid biocomposite: processing and mechanical characterization of bamboo fiber reinforced PLA with microfibrillated cellulose. Compos Part A: Appl Sci Manuf, 2009, 40: 469-475.

[22] Siakeng R, Jawaid M, Ariffin H, Sapuan SM, Asim M, Saba N. Natural fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites: a review. Polym Compos, 2019, 40(2): 446-463.

[23] Standau T, Zhao C, Murillo Castellón S, Bonten C, Altstädt V. Chemical Modification and Foam Processing of Polylactide (PLA). Polymers, 2019, 11(2): 306.

[24] Sun J, Zhao Z, Pang Y, Liu J, Zhang W, Wang B, Liu Y. The facile and efficient fabrication of Rice Husk/poly (lactic acid) foam composites by coordinated the interface combination and bubble hole structure. Int J Biol Macromol, 2023, 234: 123734.

[25] Tene Tayo JL, Bettelhäuser RJ, Euring M. Canola Meal as Raw Material for the development of Bio-adhesive for medium density fiberboards (MDFs) and Particleboards Production. Polymers, 2022, 14: 3554.

[26] Vaidya A, Gaugler M, Smith DA. Green route to modification of wood waste, cellulose and hemicellulose using reactive extrusion. Carbohydr Polym, 2016, 136: 1238-1250.

[27] Vaidya AA, Hussain I, Gaugler M, Smith DA. Synthesis of graft copolymers of chitosan-poly(caprolactone) by lipase catalysed reactive extrusion. Carbohydr Polym, 2019, 217: 98-109.

[28] Villamil Jiménez JA, Sabir S, Sauceau M, Sescousse R, Espitalier F, Le Moigne N, Bénézet J-C, Fages J. Supercritical CO2 assisted extrusion foaming of PLA- cellulose fibre composites: Effect of fibre on foam processing and morphology. J Supercritical Fluids, 2024, 207: 106190.

[29] Way C, Wu DY, Cram D, Dean K, Palombo E. Processing stability and biodegradation of polylactic acid (PLA) composites reinforced with cotton linters or maple hardwood fibers. J Polym Environ, 2013, 21: 54-70.

[30] Wedin R. Chemistry on a high-carb Diet, 2004, Washington, D.C: American Chemical Society.

[31] Witt MRJ, Shah S (2008) Methods of manufacture of Polylactic Acid Foams. WI 2008/093284.

[32] Yang Z, Huang Z, Cao L. Biotransformation technology and high-value application of rapeseed meal: a review. Bioresour Bioprocess, 2022, 9: 103.

[33] Yilmaz A, Özkan H, Elif Genceli Güner F. Utilizing the potential of waste hemp reinforcement: investigating mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene and polylactic acid biocomposites. ACS Omega, 2024, 9: 8818-8828.

[34] Yu T, Jiang N, Li Y. Study on short ramie fiber/poly(lactic acid) composites compatibilized by maleic anhydride. Compos Part A: Appl Sci Manuf, 2014, 64: 139-146.

[35] Zhao Y, Ma CY, Yuen SN, Phillips DL. Study of succinylated food proteins by Raman spectroscopy. J Agric Food Chem, 2004, 2(7): 1815-1823.

[36] Zhong J, Li H, Yu J, Tan T. Effects of Natural Fiber Surface Modification on Mechanical properties of Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/Sweet Sorghum Fiber composites. Polym Plast Technol Eng, 2011, 50: 1583-1589.

[37] Zini E, Scandola M. Green composites: an overview. Polym Compos, 2011, 32: 1905-1915.

Funding

Scion(Biopolymer Network Limited)