A study of the effects of Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) flower, leaf and fruit extracts on the functional status of the liver with underlying experimental model of toxic hepatitis

Abstract

The high prevalence of the hepatobiliary system diseases and the growing number of the patients with hepatobiliary malignancies, absence of highly effective medications of disease-specific action as well as certain allergic and non-allergic side-effects of synthetic medications used to treat these diseases (where the long-term administration of a number of such substances cumulate in side effects) creates the need for development of new medications of multi-component action that affect many stages of the pathological sequence and meet the requirements of modern medicine. In such circumstances, botanical medicines may be considered as the agents of choice. One of the most perspective species for study in this aspect is the Sambucus nigra, specifically its extracts. We determined the markers of liver damage, such as alanilaminotransfera, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and the intensity of oxidative stress, with determination of lipid peroxidation products, such as diene conjugates and malondialdehyde, as well as one of the antioxidative system’s status indicators – the activity of catalase.

The model of toxic hepatitis have created via subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride of 30 white outbred rats. The rats with fully developed hepatitis received Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) flower, leaf and fruit extracts. The findings of the study show that the extracts of Elderberry flowers and leaves improve functional status of the liver. Elderberry flowers extract exhibited best effect in this regard. Improvement of the liver’s functional status achieved by Elderberry extracts was directly correlated with the severity of the oxidative stress.

Keywords

hepatobiliary system / hepatitis / extract / black elderberry / alanine transaminase / aspartate transaminase / total bilirubin / oxidative stress

References

[1] Гаврилов, В.Б. Анализ методов определения продуктов перекисного окисления липидов в сыворотке крови по тесту с тиобарбитуровой кислотой / В.Б. Гаврилов, А.Р. Гаврилова, Л.М. Мажуль // Вопр. мед. химии. – 1987. – № 1. – С. 118–122.

[2] Голубева, О.А. Коррекция показателей липидного обмена и маркеров вос паления с помощью диеты и ингибитора ГМГ КоА_редуктазы у пациентов с разными наследственными формами гиперлипидемии / О.А. Голубева [и др.] // Атеросклероз и дислипидемии. – 2012. – № 1 (6). – С. 16–22.

[3] Горбачева, И.А. Роль коррекции функционального состояния системы желчеоттока в патогенетическом лечении полиморбидных больных с атеросклерозом / И.А. Горбачева [и др.] // Ученые записки СПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова. – 2013. – № 20 (4). – С. 19–23.

[4] Григорьева, Н.Ю. Роль окислительного стресса в прогрессировании атеросклероза у больных ишемической болезнью / Н.Ю. Григорьева [и др.] // Клин. мед. – 2011. – № 2. – С. – 69–72.

[5] Королюк, М.А. Метод определения активности каталазы / М.А. Королюк [и др.] // Лаб. дело. – 1988. – № 1. – С. 16–19.

[6] Маев, И.В. Лекарства и печень / И.В. Маев, Т.Е. Полунина // Фарматека. – 2013. – № 2. – С. 80–88.

[7] Онучина, Е.В. Лекарственные поражения печени / Е.В. Онучина [и др.] // Сиб. мед. журн. – 2007. – № 3. – С. 88–90.

[8] Полунина, Т.Е. Диагностика и лечение желчнокаменной болезни / Т.Е. Полунина, И.В. Маев // Consilium medicum. Гастроэнтерология. – 2012. – № 8. – С. 32–35.

[9] Полунина, Т.Е. Ятрогенные поражения печени в практике интерниста / Т.Е. Полунина, И.В. Маев // Мед. совет. – 2009. – № 3. – С. 65–70.

[10] Статистические методы исследования в медицине и здравоохранении / под ред. Л.Е. Полякова. – Л.: Медицина, 1971. – 199 с.

[11] Yesilada E., Gürbüz ü., Toker G. Anti-ulcerogenic activity and isolation of the active principles from Sambucus ebulus L. leaves / E. Yesilada, ü. Gürbüz, G. Toker // Journal of Ethnopharmacology. – 2014. – Vol. 153, № 2. – P. 478–483.

[12] Sadeghi, M.M. Imaging atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaque / M.M. Sadeghi [et al.] // J. Nucl. Med. – 2010. – Vol. 51 (1). – Р. 51–65.

[13] Thomas, L. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) / L. Thomas // Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics. – 1998. – P. 55–65.

[14] Wang, X. Biomarkers of vulnerable atheromatous plaques: translational medicine perspectives / X. Wang, T.M. Connolly // Adv. Clin. Chem. – 2010. – № 50. – Р. 1–22.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector