A role and basic directions of development of modern social ophthalmology has been determined. In the article the terms of professional rehabilitation are grounded from the point of view of the physiological setting of norms, the concepts of rehabilitation potential and rehabilitation prognosis come into question. The structural and functional model of social and labour rehabilitation of invalids is examined on sight. The modern system is grounded for an estimation of professionally meaningful quality of persons with constant visual impairment.
Authors have been worked out the methodical approaches to the estimation of rehabilitation potential of family with child-disabled. The estimation of rehabilitation potential of family with child-disabled is offered on several components: social, psychological and pedagogical, medical, professional and labour. Realization of the program of rehabilitation measures, formed on the basis of estimation of family rehabilitation potential, is the main condition of preparation of parents and family with child-disabled to the active adoption in a rehabilitation, providing of effectiveness, continuity and succession of rehabilitation process.
Research is devoted to the study of influence of medical physical education, ergotherapy, physiotherapy treatment on renewal of patients after a stroke. In the work there have been analyzed the results of treatment of 2464 patient. The degree of renewal of patients functions and efficiency of rehabilitation process have been estimated by means of scales of Bartel, Lindmark and Scandinavian. The most effective types of physiotherapy treatment were an electrostimulation, magnetotherapy, electrophoresis and ozokeritotherapy.
Parkinson disease - is a one of frequent reasons of disability in middle and elderly age. A purpose of this work is development of clinical and functional criteria for determination of limitations of capacity for labour activity, establishments of groups of disability for patients with Parkinson disease.The 529 sick being in an account in the Nizhegorodskiy city consulting room on helping to the patients with extrapyramidal pathology have been inspected. The analysis has been showed that to the patients having identical severity of disease, the different groups of disability were determined without the account of functional limitations. The standardized criteria of degree of limitation of capacity for labour activity and groups of disability, based on the results of clinical examination, estimation of everyday activity by means of Shvab and Ingland scales, estimation of vital space have been offered.
In the article there have been conducted the monitoring of antibodies maintenance to the basic albumen of myelin in cerebrospinal liquid and serum of blood in the dynamics of acute period of ischemic stroke, conditioned by atherosclerosis, hypertensive illness and their combination. The reliable increase of level of antibodies has been marked in the first twenty-four hours of acute cerebral ischemia both in the serum of blood and to the cerebrospinal liquid. The level of antibodies to the basic albumen of myelin has been correlated with the degree of rehabilitation potential : than higher level of antibodies, the below rehabilitation potential.
Clinical, social and hygienic descriptions have been studied of 60 patients with amputation stumps of extremities because of work accident, actings on primary prosthetics in the clinic of the Novokuznetskiy Scientific and Practical Center of medical and social expertise and rehabilitation of disabled.It has been determined that the features of providing of prosthetic and orthopaedic help to this contingent of invalids are related to severity and character of the got damages, by age-dependent and gender descriptions of invalids, and also with the lacks of organizational and financial mechanisms of providing of medico- rehabilitation help.
The issue of the day comes into question in the article concerning the specific of medico-social expertise of mentally sick older than able to work age, accomplishing wrongful actions and being on the forced treatment. The features of the individual program of rehabilitation of this category of invalids are examined in connection with their age-related psychical, somatic and personality features. Importance of rehabilitation measures is underlined in regard to the prospect of returning of these patients in society.
In the given article there have been presented the dynamics of morbidity, disability and quality of life of children in Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The analysis of intensive and extensive indexes of morbidity and disability of children, quality of life of children-disabled have been conducted taking into account age, living conditions, social and environmental factors.
There have been presented the analyses of dynamics of basic indexes of primary disability of children in the Khabarovsk land on the whole, and also caused by the nervous system diseases. The height of specific gravity and level of primary disability caused by the nervous system diseases have been marked, gain in specific weight of the age-related group from 0 to 3 years. Finding confirm the necessity for realization of complex measures of prophylaxis of primary disability for the children with nervous system diseases, especially early age.
In the article there have been presented comparative data of the structure of disability on main abnormality in a health state of children-disable in Ivanovo area, brought up in the houses of child and in the family. The index of disability in the houses of child is considerably higher. Structure of disability and its dynamics speaker testify to worsening of health of new-born and children of early age, increase in the houses of child of children with congenital pathology and chromosomal diseases, mostly resulting in these abnormality in a state of health.
16 types of anomalies of the blood circulation system are distinguished, the leading are 17 anomalies. In the work there has been studied a structure of disability on the types of anomalies for the operated and unoperated children.
In the article there have been presented the features of forming of general disability due to supporting-motional system diseases taking into account the primary and secondary disability in Russian Federation in a dynamics for 10 years. The level of general disability has been calculated with consideration of the age.
In the article there have been presented the data about a structure and level of disability because of supporting-motional system diseases with the selection of dorsopathy and illnesses of joints in Russian Federation in 1999-2008 years.
Worked out and applied in everyday practice the rational technology of sparing operative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation of patients with the comminuted intra-articular fractures of long tubular bones using arthroendoscopy, reposition device and external fixator apparatus combining the stable fixing with possibility of early motions. The offered methods of diagnostics and complex treatment are promote the valuable renewal of function of extremity, reduction of terms of treatment, decline of number of complications and disability.
In the article there has been presented the analysis of efficiency of the methods of psychotherapy worked out by authors is "Line of changes" for patients in intermediate and late periods of vertebral-spinal trauma. The basic changes of mental condition and psychological problems of patients, their connection with the got trauma and functional insufficiency have been studied. The result of this method "Line of changes" is increase of subjective satisfaction and decline of levels of alarm and depression from restoration treatment.
The article is devoted to significance of research of dynamic descriptions of psychical activity at testing of patients with organic cerebral affection. The basic methods, used for research of dynamics of psychical disorders are presented. The necessity of differentiation of neurodynamic disorders is well-proven from other disorders, related to the decline of mnestic functions.
Description of rhythm disturbance and disorder of conduction, their prognostic significance have been presented in the review of literature. Substantial influence of tachyarrythmia and bradyarrhythmia at organic pathology of heart on the prognosis of disease and limitation of vital functions of patients has been shown, exposed at a complex clinical inspection using echocardiography and day's monitoring.The review of literature presented by authors will help the doctors of medical and preventive establishments and experts of bureau MSE more objectively to estimate the clinical and functional state of patients with rhythm disturbance.
The article is devoted to the problems, arising up at consideration of civil cases courts on the lawsuits of citizens to regional services of medical and social expertise. Actuality of this theme is related to that judicial practice supposes setting the courts of judicial medical and social expertise, and on occasion - other medical examinations, including independent. Author has shared of her experience on the basis of judicial practice of the Altayskiy territory which can be useful to other regions to perfect an activity of federal government service of MSE and raising the level of doctors professional skills in the sphere of modern medical law.