The paper gives the results of an analysis of case histories of 511 patients with traumatic midfacial lesions (TMFL), admitted to the intensive care unit of Moscow City Clinical Hospital One. It also evaluates the state of patients with TMFL. Particular attention is given to the role of factors that influence mortality rates among the patients with TMFL. The most important aspects of organization of medical care to patients with TMFL are shown to be essential in the first 24 hours after injury. Shorter prehospital times and early adequate respiratory support within the first 60 minutes are noted to cause a 51.7% death reduction as compared with later medical care. The proposed measures permit mortality rates to be decreased in the severe forms of TMFL in particular.

It is known that there are problems in the drug provision (DP) system virtually in all countries irrespective of the level of economic development. Because of money stringency, many countries reduce expenses on DP despite more and more increasing healthcare needs. So the problems, associated with the limited access of the population to qualitative medicaments and their rational use, have not lost their urgency. In this connection, the formulary system in the health care facilities of the Republic of Kazakhstan was studied by analyzing its legislative enactments regulating DP and by interviewing the staff of these facilities (a questionnaire method). The study has demonstrated that in Kazakhstan the formulary system needs to be improved; difficulties preserve in the creation and practical use of a drug form in health care facilities.

The results of treatment were analyzed in 67 patients with pyonecrotic injuries in the presence of diabetic foot syndrome, including 35 patients whose treatment was performed in accordance with the generally accepted standards and 32 patients whose combined therapy involved hyperbaric oxygenation sessions. Lower extremity artery Doppler ultrasound was used to study macrohemodynamics; microcirculation was examined by transcutaneous oximetry. Combined surgical treatment using hyperbaric oximetry reduced the number of high-level amputations from 40.6 to 25.7% in the study group and increased that of high-level leg amputations from 30.8 to 50.0%. The number of performed skin plastic interventions increased from 12.5 to 31.4%. The average length of hospital stay length decreased by 7.4±2.3 bed days (p < 0.05).

Clinical, X-ray, and instrumental data were analyzed in 14 patients with type III 3 radial head fractures, by applying the Mason X-ray classification modified by Hotchkiss. The Mayo clinic elbow performance scores and the Broberg-Morrey scores were used to assess the results of treatment. It is concluded that endoprosthetic replacement of the radial head can yield optimal functional results.

The paper considers vestibular disorders in 60 patients aged 28 to 75 years with impaired vertebrobasillar circulation, vestibular disorders, and varying sensorineural hearing loss, who were otoneurologically examined. The findings were compared with the structural changes and hemodynamic parameters of blood flow in the vertebral and internal carotid arteries and with brain magnetic resonance imaging data.

Depression with the noticeable component of anxiety was the objective of the study. Sixty-five patients were treated with antidepressants: some of them took amitriptylline and the others received venlafaxine. The study was conducted for 6 months during which the symptoms were rated by Hamilton depression and anxiety scales. This could identify 3 types of depression, in which anxiety is an essential component of the state; these were anxious melancholic, anxious hypochondriac, and anxious adynamic types. In the latter type there were no differences in the rate and degree of symptomatology between the venlafaxine and amitriptylline subgroups. In the anxious hypochondriac type of depression, venlafaxine proved to be more effective.

The paper presents the results of laryngoscopy using a direct optic telescope and videofibroendoscope in 105 children aged 1 to 14 years with different abnormalities as sustained and recurrent hoarseness, worsened voice, and smarting chronic cough. Out of the total number of patients, there were 66 (62.9%) preschool children; 55 (53.3%) children were examined for chronic ENT diseases. The others were diagnosed as having asthma, chronic bronchitis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and gastritis with reflux esophagitis. In all age groups, 100 (95.2%) patients were found to have different combinations of endoscopic signs of chronic laryngitis with a different frequency; of them 18% had hyperplastic changes in the mucosae of the vocal folds and arytenoid junction as pachydermia, nodulation, and papillomatosis.

The benzydamine hydrochloride Tantum Verde spray is effective in treating acute experimental periodontitis. The use of the agent reduces an inflammatory reaction in the oral mucosa and alleviates exudative inflammation, which contributes to the preservation of fibrous structures in periodontal connective tissue.

The intranasal use of the neuroprotectors semax and deltaran in combination with conjugated multichannel electroneurostimulation in the rehabilitation period of ischemic stroke promoted considerable recovery of the functions of patterning, attention, memory, mental flexibility, and praxis. Semax accentuated the recover of the function of determining the conceptual similarity of things and deltaran improved phrase-based speech; at the same time the patients showed higher communicative capacities in all cases.

A procedure has been developed to prepare the nanosomal formulations of rifampicin and gatifloxacin based on a copolymer of lactic and glycolic acids. Murine experiments tested the antituberculosis activity of the drugs versus conventional drugs. It evaluated their bacteriostatic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the blood and lung homogenates taken at definite time points after the experimental nanosomal samples of rifampicin or gatifloxacin and their standard dosage forms were administered to mice. The antituberculosis activity of nanosomal rifampicin in the lung was ascertained to be twice higher than that of reference rifampicin within 2 hours after intravenous injection. As compared to the enteral administration of gatifloxacin substance in particular, the intravenous injection of nanosomal gatifloxacin was shown to provide a higher bacteriostatic activity against M. tuberculosis in the blood and lung tissue.