The November 1967 days are historic for the Soviet people. November 7 will mark the 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, which paved the way for profound transformations of our Motherland in social, economic and cultural terms.

The Great October Socialist Revolution opened a new era in the history of mankind, the era of socialism and communism. In a previously backward and impoverished Russia, a new type of state power was created, which cleared our country from exploitation, violence, poverty and ignorance during half a century of its existence.

Soviet higher education is in the full sense of the word the brainchild of the Great October Revolution. For the first time in history, a fundamentally new, democratic system of higher education has been created in our country, incorporating the best, progressive traditions of pre-revolutionary higher education, built on the great ideals of communism.

Historically, half a century is not a very long period. However, during this time the former Kazan province, one of the most backward in economic, cultural and sanitary relations, has radically changed.

By the time the Regional Department of Public Health of the Udmurt Autonomous Region was organized (March 1921), it had 19 medical departments (of which only 11 were doctors), 1438 hospital beds, 53 paramedic posts with 374 beds. Only 38 doctors (including 6 dentists) and 336 paramedical workers worked in the region.

Many outstanding domestic surgeons even in the pre-revolutionary period laid the foundation for chest surgery (I.I. Nasilov, V.D.Dobromyslov, I.F.Sabaneev, P.I.Tikhov, A.G. Podrez, P.I.Dyakonov, M. S. Subbotin, G. F. Zeidler, N. I. Shakhovskoy, N. I. Napalkov, M. M. Trofimov and others), but only after October favorable conditions were created for its further development.

In the significant days of the half-century history of the Soviet state, the first steps of Soviet health care, the formation and development of Soviet surgery in Kazan and in the TASSR involuntarily come to mind.

Our people are celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Great October Revolution with tremendous success in social, economic and cultural development. The path traversed by our country after the elimination of the devastation, epidemics inherited from the First World War and the Civil War, constituted an entire era in world history.

The Tatar Republic meets the 50th anniversary of the Great October Revolution with great success in the field of healthcare. Traumatology and orthopedics, in particular, were highly developed.

One of the most important tasks facing the Bolshevik Party after the Great October Socialist Revolution was the emancipation of women and the associated creation of socialist protection for mothers and children.

Before the revolution, there was no special medical care for women and children. Medical care was provided to them in the general network of medical institutions. In the former. There were only 399 doctors in the Kazan province, of which only 38 were in rural areas. There were 1.4 doctors (excluding dentists) per 10,000 population.

The approaching 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution prompts to take stock in various fields of medical science and practice.

Over the past 20 years, the leading scientific problem of the first department of roentgenology and radiology of the Kazan GIDUV named after VI Lenin is X-ray craniology and X-ray therapy of diseases of the nervous system.

Medical institutes are called upon on a voluntary basis to provide constant assistance to medical institutions in improving the culture of medical care, improving forms and methods of diagnosis, preventing and eliminating diseases, reducing morbidity and mortality, improving the sanitary culture of the population, etc.

The neural mechanisms of the development of peptic ulcer disease have been studied in great detail and are most fully integrated in the cortico-visceral theory.

It is no coincidence that the title to this work speaks of new ideas, not new drugs. A truly valuable new drug is always not only a new means of realizing a previously set task (for example, to limit the acidity or volume of gastric contents in case of a stomach ulcer), but a “materialized” new pharmacological principle, a new idea of treatment.

The staff of the faculty surgical clinic named after AV Vishnevsky over the past decade, among others, has also been developing the problem of surgical treatment for diseases of the biliary tract. Research is being conducted through animal experimentation and clinical study of the disease.

Acute heart failure, a severe complication of heart disease, significantly worsens the prognosis and is sometimes fatal.

Prosthetics of the valve apparatus of the heart for acquired defects have already passed their first steps in clinical practice and are beginning to be used more and more widely.

The question of rational therapy for acute poisoning remains relevant at the present time. In the general complex of measures, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy is of considerable importance with means that improve the functional state of the most important organs and physiological systems of the body, in particular with pharmacological agents of analeptic action.

The distant Kazan province was the city of Khlynov (now the city of Kirov), together with the territory of 3 counties assigned to it. In 1780, by the decree of Catherine II, the Vyatka governorship was formed. Khlynov became a provincial town and was renamed Vyatka. In 1782 there was only one doctor, Pogan Glenberg, for the whole province.

At the Faculty of Medicine of Kazan University, the Department of Hospital Therapy was created in 1870. The initiator and propagandist of the opening of the department was the head of the clinic of private pathology and therapy, prof. I. G. Lingren.

In many works about Zinovy Petrovich Soloviev, the student years of his life are incompletely described. Meanwhile, the Central Archives of the TASSR preserves interesting documents that make it possible to correctly present and understand the formation of the worldview of this prominent scientist and public figure.

Summing up the achievements in the field of health care for the 50th anniversary of Soviet power, it is necessary to recall the Kazan professor E.M. Lepsky, who made a significant contribution to the development of Soviet pediatrics, to the training of pediatricians, to the creation of institutions of the socialist system of child health protection in St. Kazan and Tatarstan.

Nikolai Vladimirovich Maltsev was born on May 1, 1891 in the family of a zemstvo veterinarian in the village of Shoshkary, Kozmodemyansk district, Kazan province.

The Surgical Society of Tataria is the brainchild of the Kazan Society of Physicians, among the founders of which were surgeons prof. N.F. Vysotsky and prof. A.I.Beketov.

The Society of Oncologists of the TASSR was founded in 1955, shortly after the creation of the All-Union Society of Oncologists, as its branch, and is guided in its activities by the charter of the latter.

A significant role in the development of scientific psychiatry and neuropathology in Kazan was played by the Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists at Kazan University, which arose in 1892 on the initiative of prof. V. M. Bekhterev.

Many reports of the conference were devoted to the problem of identifying the activity of the rheumatic process.

Many reports of the conference were devoted to the problem of identifying the activity of the rheumatic process.

The conference was opened by the Minister of Health of the RSFSR V.V. Trofimov. Action, member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences prof. E. M. Tareev highlighted the role of the school of Russian therapists in the development of medical science.

The II All-Union Symposium of Pediatric Surgeons was dedicated to the surgical pathology of the kidneys in children. According to Yu. F. Isakov, VN Ermolin, VI Derzhavin and IV Kazanskaya (Moscow), malformations of the genitourinary system make up 35-40% of all developmental anomalies in children.

The first session was devoted to the issues of neuroendocrine regulation of the reproductive cycle and neuroendocrine syndromes in the gynecological clinic.

The conference was opened by the Deputy Chief Sanitary Doctor of the USSR Ministry of Health P.P. Lyarsky. The development of the chemical industry and the widespread introduction of new chemicals into the national economy pose major challenges to industrial toxicology.

In February 1967, Moscow hosted a conference on modern problems of anesthesiology and the application of its achievements in dentistry, and a symposium of the Central Research Institute of Dentistry on physical methods of anesthesia.