Malignant neoplasms emanating from the nasopharynx, often destroying the bones of the base of the skull, grow into its cavity. At the same time, they proceed as basilar tumors, involving the cranial nerves in the process and sometimes differing in the richness of local focal and cerebral hypertensive-hydrocephalic symptoms that deserve study.
Patient M., born in 1925, at the age of 16 had a head injury with loss of consciousness, after which she was treated in a hospital for a month. Along with the physical trauma, there was also a mental one; that day she was greatly upset by the news of her father's death. Four months later, the patient developed seizures, and soon strange behavior, inadequate and aggressive behavior was added. From 1941 to 1948 she was repeatedly in Izhevsk, Sardan, Ashlan psychiatric hospitals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Patient was taken to the Kazan psychiatric hospital on 14 / IX-48 in a confused state of consciousness. On 18 / XI, visual and auditory hallucinations disappeared, the behavior was ordered, however, when the anamnesis was clarified, it was not collected yet.
Exfoliative dermatitis of newborns, first described by Ritter in 1878, is quite rare. The disease begins in the first days or weeks after birth with redness of the skin around the mouth, quickly spreads throughout the body and is accompanied by a patchwork of the epidermis. The resulting extensive erosive surfaces sometimes become wet, giving the wrong idea of the presence of bubbles (Frufald).
Workers are very often encountered with sulfur compounds in industry. So, they come into contact with these chemicals in the production of sulfuric acid, in the processing of poly-sulfur oil, in pickling departments at metal plants, in the production of cellulose, ultramarine, bleaching cloth, silk, straw, bristles, in tanneries, in the production of viscose fiber, etc. A large group of other substances used in industry, with daily exposure to the human body in small doses, has a general toxic effect and primarily disrupts metabolic processes, mainly associated with liver function.
This article, using the examples of Kazan enterprises, highlights the issue of errors that can be in the device of industrial ventilation and the possible consequences of this. Natural ventilation is the cheapest and most effective type of ventilation, which, however, is often not used or used insufficiently. Aeration (organized controlled natural ventilation) is not carried out even in new factories. If sometimes there are aeration devices (overhead skylights with transoms), then there are no mechanisms to control them, which is why they are often not used. Non-blown lanterns, which allow the use of aeration devices without control mechanisms, have not taken root in Kazan either. Air showers and air curtains are a necessary supplement to aeration. Air showers, as you know, are local forced ventilation, which helps to eliminate harmful effects (heat, poisonous vapors, dust) in a small area of the workshop. They are widely used in blacksmiths, foundries, power plant machine rooms, etc.
In the fulling and felt industry, there are still serious shortcomings that affect labor productivity and the health of workers. Therefore, the Kazan fulling-felt combine and the Central Committee of the trade union of workers in the light and textile industry put forward the topic of studying working conditions in the main shops of the fulling-felt enterprises. When performing the work, we paid special attention to the issues of primary processing of wool in connection with the high dust content of the air in the preparatory shops.
Currently, the participation of choline in various links in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has been reliably established. Choline, discovered by Strecker (1849) in bile, and synthetically first obtained by Würtz (1867), is an aminoalcohol and is a derivative of ammonium hydroxide, in which three hydrogen atoms are replaced by methyl CH3 groups and to which glycol is combined by the elimination of water.
The session was convened by the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, M3 of the RSFSR and the All-Russian Hygienic Society and was held on 14-18 / IX-59 in the city of Gorky. 17 reports were heard and discussed at plenary sessions and 62 at sectional sessions. Full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, prof. A. A. Letavet made a report “The tasks of occupational health in the light of the decisions of the XXI Congress of the CPSU”. The extensive development of mechanization and automation of production processes, the introduction of new advanced technology create favorable conditions for the further improvement of working conditions. The main sections of scientific research in the field of occupational health and occupational diseases in 1959-65. there should be: 1) occupational health in the chemical industry, industrial toxicology, occupational diseases in the chemical industry; 2) physical factors of the working environment, their effect on the body, prevention (the use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes, high and ultrahigh frequencies, ultrasound, the introduction of vibration and many other physical processes make it especially relevant to study the biological action of physical factors and the development of preventive measures).
The organization of proper patient care in hospitals is one of the important measures in improving the quality of medical work. Experience has shown that the existing three-level service system in our country, when a doctor, a nurse and a nurse are involved in patient care, has a number of drawbacks, taking into account which the USSR Ministry of Health issued an order to switch to a two-level system of patient care in hospitals. Under this system, a nurse is fully caring for the patient, and the nurses are assigned the duties of a cleaner and, in some cases, help a nurse in making beds, changing linen, shifting seriously ill patients and performing other similar tasks.
Clinicians are well aware that inflammation of the biliary tract often accompanies chronic appendicitis or is detected at some time after appendectomy. The mechanisms underlying the origin and development of the pathological process in the biliary tract in patients with chronic appendicitis have not been sufficiently studied, which prompted us to address this issue.
Many aspects of sleep therapy are not yet well understood. Firstly, it cannot be assumed that during the treatment with medication sleep, only conditions that protect the nerve cells are created - at the same time, one or another force shifts in biochemical processes (and, consequently, in the functions) of tissues of all organs and systems. They do not bypass the brain tissue either, and this affects the cortico-visceral relationship. The shifts in the body caused by narcotic sleep are sometimes so significant that they themselves can cause painful manifestations. Secondly, it is quite obvious that not only changes in the central nervous system are to blame for the onset of the disease, and the use of artificial inhibition in all stages and with various manifestations of the disease cannot be considered justified for therapeutic purposes. Thirdly, hypnotic substances make changes during all processes in the body during treatment and thus affect the results of treatment.
There were 83 patients under observation (men — 79 and women — 4). The vast majority (78%) were between the ages of 20 and 40. The duration of the disease was up to a year in 23, up to 3 years in 27, up to 5 years in 12, up to 10 years in 10, and more than 10 years in 11. All patients had a symptom of a niche, which was documented on sighting images. With a duodenal ulcer there were 60, with a stomach ulcer - 20, 3 patients had ulcers both in the stomach and in the duodenum. All patients received complex treatment, which consisted of diet therapy, the appointment of sedatives, blood transfusions and promedol, against the background of prolonged bed and semi-bed rest and the mandatory provision of a therapeutic regimen. All patients were prescribed vitamin C, mainly parenterally, with particular attention paid to the diet.
Patients with alopecia areata were treated with intradermal novocaine blockade. A warm 0.5% solution of novocaine at a dose of no more than 10-20 ml was injected directly into the foci of alopecia in 62 patients using the creeping infiltrate method. The course of treatment consisted of 7-10 intradermal blockades at intervals of 7-8 days. The cure was achieved in 45 patients, significant improvement - in 4, improvement - in 5, the effect was absent in 8. Hair growth began after 2-3 blocks. For the full effect, as a rule, one course of treatment lasting 40 - 55 days is sufficient.
Psoriatic exfoliative erythroderma is a generalized severe disease of the body, acutely occurring in patients with psoriasis. The pathogenesis of this suffering, like psoriasis, is still not clear. Treatment is very difficult and is carried out symptomatically, for a long time, with the use of desensitizing and other means. Over the past seven years, we have successfully used penicillin therapy in the treatment of psoriatic exfoliative erythroderma. During this period of time, 14 men, aged 22-30, were treated. Penicillin was diluted in a 0.25% solution of novocaine at the rate of 100 thousand units. per 1 ml and was injected twice a day (after 12 hours) at 500 thousand M.E. intramuscularly with 5 ml of blood taken from the patient's vein.
The monograph is devoted to the syndrome that develops with closed muscle injuries due to massive bruises or prolonged crushing of the soft tissues of the body. N. I. Pirogov was the first to mention closed injuries of soft tissues in his "Principles of General Military Field Surgery". A peculiar syndrome arising from such injuries has been described by various authors under various names - "traumatic edema", "crash syndrome", "crush syndrome", "traumatic toxicosis", "unloading shock". The author of the monograph thinks that it would be more correct to call it “Prolonged Crush Syndrome (SDS)”.
Subcutaneous oxygen administration for eczema is rarely used in district hospitals, but it gives a certain effect, and we decided to share our experience. Under observation there were 25 patients with chronic eczema: with universal - 6, with lesions of the skin of the face - 4, limbs - 9, neck - 2, perineum - 3 and scalp - 1. From 10 to 20 years old was 3, from 21 to 40 - 11, over - 11 patients.
On October 26, 1959, after a short serious illness, the associate professor of the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tarif Muginovich Sharafutdinov died. He was born in 1898. In 1919 he graduated from the Kazan Teachers' Seminary, and in 1925 from the Medical Faculty of Kazan University. From 1925 to 1929 he worked in the apparatus of the People's Commissariat of Health of the Tatar Republic and was an intern at the clinic of prof. V. S. Gruzdeva. After a year of practical work in the obstetric and gynecological hospital in Kazan and teaching at the Kazan feldsher and obstetric school, he was an assistant to the obstetric and gynecological clinic of the Kazan GIDUV for 9 years. In 1936 he was awarded the scientific degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences. sciences and the title of assistant professor at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
From October 27 to October 29, 1959, the 1st Republican Conference of Stomatologists and Dentists was held in Kazan. The Deputy Minister of Health of the TASSR, T. F. Kh. Fatkullin, made a report "On the state and measures for improving dental care in the TASSR", who noted that now there is a significant network of dental institutions: 7 polyclinics, 154 offices at polyclinics, of which 45 are in medical and prophylactic institutions in Kazan and 109 in cities and regions of the republics; 45 dental prosthetics laboratories work. Only in recent years, dental clinics have been opened in the city of Almetyevsk, in the Soviet and Leninsky districts of Kazan. Inpatient care is provided at the Republican Dental Hospital, at the 3rd City Hospital and at the Research Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology. Currently, 235 dentists and 100 dentists work in the republic.
In the "Kazan Medical Journal" (No. 5 for 1959) prof. P. V. Manenkov in his "Letter to the Editor" presents me with an undeserved grave accusation of plagiarism, which naturally forces me to give a detailed explanation of the content of my brochure. The content of my work is only an abstract systematization of the scattered literature, but by no means a presentation of my own scientific data and observations.