The International Week for the Fight Against Cancer, in which the Soviet Union is particularly involved, is timed to coincide with the anniversary of the great discovery of X-rays and radium rays. This discovery, which immortalized the names of Roentgen and Curie, created a new era in the treatment of malignant tumors
In the fight against malignant neoplasms, which annually claim over a million human lives, modern medicine has two radical methods of treatment - surgical and radiation therapy.
To clarify diagnostic errors in tumor and non-tumor diseases of the lower and upper lips, we studied the material of 426 cases; moreover, cancer of the upper lip was found in 19 cases and of the lower lip in 326 cases, and 81 cases of benign tumors and other precancerous diseases
Unsatisfactory results of treatment of malignant neoplasms of internal organs are closely related to great difficulties in establishing an early diagnosis. We can expect much better data in the treatment of external forms of cancer, where early recognition often does not require any special research. Long-term results should be especially good for lip cancer, which is easily accessible with timely diagnosis and radical surgical treatment.
Cancer skin lesions, according to the availability of their treatment, can be divided into three groups
Among cancers, one of the first places in terms of its comparative frequency is esophageal cancer. Epstein found, according to the materials of the Leningrad Oncological Institute (1113 outpatient cancer patients), that stomach cancer occurs more often than other cancers, and esophageal cancer is the second most frequent.
Among malignant neoplasms of the lungs, chorionepithelioma occupies a somewhat peculiar position both in its pathogenesis and in its clinical course. For the first time, chorionepithelioma was described by the Swede Netzel in 1872 as a tumor of the placenta. Further research by Nikiforov, Pokrovsky, Zenger, Marshan, Pfeifer, and others, finally clarified the origin of this tumor from the epithelium of the villi and its direct connection with pregnancy
Colon surgery has not ceased to attract the attention of surgeons until very recently. On the one hand, because the technical issues of colon surgeries are far from being resolved, on the other hand, because in this area we still encounter casuistry, interesting both in its rarity and in the special operational tasks presented to the surgeon
Benign tumors of the stomach (d. O. G.) Until recently were rarely recognized and for the most part turned out to be an accidental finding of a surgeon during an operation or were established by a pathologist at an autopsy
Tumors of the stomach of a non-cancerous nature are rare. Posenheim classifies them as anatomical curiosities and believes that they are not even of clinical interest. N. Leibe, Eichgorst and Kerven adhere to approximately the same view
Pseudomyxoma of the abdominal cavity (pseudo myxomaperitonei), also called gelatinous ascites (ascites gelatinosus), is a relatively rare disease that develops as a result of mucous masses entering the abdominal cavity.
Despite the tremendous advances in urological diagnostics, the results of the treatment of renal tumors still leave much to be desired. A quarter of a century ago, Israel, a great master of renal surgery, regarded these results as "the shame of renal surgery".
Solitary renal cysts are very rare in the clinic. ”Until 1931, 145 cases were described in the literature. In recent years, in the literature available to us, we have found two more cases described by Burlakov, Dykhno and Adamov. According to the summary statistics of surgical operations on the kidneys of Fedorov, Israel, Shede, Cronlein, solitary cysts were encountered only 2 times in 1154 operations
Malignant neoplasms of the kidneys are relatively rare. According to Gerlat, only 13 cases of kidney tumors were noted for 16637 patients. According to Spizharny's material, there were 10 cases for 1362 patients. Gorash had 35 cases of kidney tumors during 600 renal surgeries. Rovazen found renal neoplasms in 22 cases at 10,034 autopsies
Bladder papillomas are a relatively common disease. According to Marion, 2% of all inpatients with diseases of the urinary organs suffer from papilloma. Patho-anatomically, papilloma is a benign tumor of epithelial origin, but it gives metastases and relapses and, thus, shows all signs of malignancy.
Among the issues that should especially rive the attention of doctors and the public when carrying out anti-cancer control, the issue of cancer of the female genital organs occupies a prominent place. The latter is the most common.
In the formation of a cancerous tumor, not only the hyperplastic growth of epithelial cells (for some reason) is of great importance, but also the degree of resistance of the reticuloendothelium. Ulezko-Stroganova points out that in experiments on mice, when stimulated with coal tar, not only the epithelium, but also the connective tissue reacts.
The vast majority (97 %) of malignant tumors observed in children belong to sarcomas. However, cancer is not as rare at a young age as is commonly thought.
When the vagus nerve is irritated, acetylcholine is found in the venous blood flowing from the stomach. The action of acetylcholine on the stomach is manifested in vasoconstriction and a decrease in blood circulation, which made it possible to formulate a new theory of the formation of peptic ulcers. Experiments on dogs have shown that the administration of acetylcholine reduces blood circulation in the stomach by 60-96%.
The clinical application of helium is based on the physical properties of this gas inertness, low specific gravity, and rapid diffusion. The mixture — 79% helium and 21% oxygen, by specific gravity, is three times lighter than air.
The authors cite two own observations of the development of osteosarcoma in patients with Paget's disease. The question of the relationship between deforming otitis media and the sarcoma developing with it is interpreted by the authors in different ways. Some authors consider this to be just a coincidence. Most argue that in such cases, it is a real sarcomatous transformation of the bone affected by Paget's disease. The authors subscribe to the latter opinion based on the following facts.
Technique of application: the wounds were washed with a saturated solution of urea, after which a bandage with wax paper was applied. The circumference of the wound was smeared with zinc ointment
The author recommends using sulfur in the form of a soap for scabies.
The authors believe that histamine is indicated for obliterating endoarteritis due to its analgesic properties and vasomotor action. They used it in two cases of endoarteritis and got good results. The drug used was histaminum bihydrochloricum in a solution of 0.5 mg in 1 cm3
The author gives the case history of one patient, who, under the influence of sulfanilamide, developed a toxic rash of the nature of purpura.