The Great October Socialist Revolution, which had a tremendous impact on all aspects of life in our country, radically changed social and economic conditions, created conditions for the powerful growth of the country's industrialization, the collectivization of agriculture, could not but influence the thought and practice of Soviet surgeons.

For the first time in the history of peoples, the working people found a real homeland, which surrounded them with care and attention, like a loving mother. Caring for a person, about his health and life, has acquired the greatest embodiment since the time of the Great October Revolution. The class character of the old medicine was relegated to the realm of tradition, medicine became the public domain and completely devotes itself to the service of the working people. Exceptional attention is paid to caring for the health of the mother and child. In this regard, all conditions are created for powerful development and pediatrics; the 20 years passed after the revolution really testify to the wide development of this field of medicine.

The ENT specialty received a powerful impetus for its development only under Soviet rule. Despite the relatively short period of post-October development, Soviet otorhinolaryngology reached such a flourishing and was enriched with such successes that it immediately moved to an honorable and independent place, taking it quite deservedly alongside other disciplines of Soviet medicine. Little understood not only by the broad masses, but also by doctors before 1917, otorhinolaryngology after the October Revolution was refracted in a completely new way in the minds of both Soviet doctors and the working people of our socialist homeland, to whose service it was developed.

Blood transfusion for patients suffering from gas gangrene was first performed by Quesnin in 1917 with brilliant success. Haberland in 1921 recommends transfusion for sepsis. We find positive reviews of transfusions for purulent-septic diseases in Lindemann, Miller, Hoffmann, etc. On the other hand, Gempel does not note success from blood transfusions for purulent-septic diseases, and Elecker is their direct opponent.

While surgeons deal with the issue of pain relief during surgery on a daily basis, the issue of eliminating postoperative pain (p.b.) is very rarely put to resolution.

In peacetime, gunshot injuries to the spine are rare. The frequency of spinal injuries in wartime ranges from 1 to 2% (Guleke, Mokin, Garre, Borchard, etc.).

The literature on the issue of ectopic pregnancy is already quite extensive, but the further development and accumulation of clinical material on ectopic pregnancy is essential.

The development of methods that meet the requirements of mass labor pain relief is on the order of the day.

Many works have been devoted to the issues of pain relief during abortion operations, and a number of practical methods of pain relief have already been developed.

In modern medicine, the success of functional pathology: is closely related to the success of pathological anatomy. Anatomy, by studying the shape of an organ during its movements, becomes, according to Bergmann, functional anatomy. Naturally, the X-ray symptomatology of the digestive apparatus, which has recently achieved major results in recognizing the finest structural changes in the mucosa, in its further development should have followed the path of an objective study of the functional activity of the stomach in health and disease. One morphological study of the stomach without taking into account its motor function is, of course, one-sided and insufficient.

This report is a part of our work on carbohydrate metabolism in peptic ulcer disease. We mean to dwell on the research methodology and interpretation of the glycemic curve after glucose load, since the study of the violation of carbohydrate metabolism is becoming more and more important in the clinic of internal diseases. Since the regulation of blood sugar is provided by a whole system of organs, it is natural that in very many diseases we meet more or less pronounced disorders of carbohydrate metabolism; so, it is known; that even spontaneous hyperglycemia and glycosuria can occur in diseases of the pancreas, not only in diabetes, but also in pancreatitis, hemorrhages in pancreas, stones, cysts, pancreatic cancer, etc; the same phenomena can occur with anomalies of the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thyroid gland and in other cases.

Of the drugs released in recent years by our Soviet pharmaceutical industry, merkuzal, an analogue of the German drug salirgan, attracts attention. According to its chemical composition, it is a complex compound of mercury acetic acid and sodium salt of allylamidosalicylic acid; soluble in water. This drug, released for sale in ampoules in the form of a 10% solution containing 0.036 grams of mercury in 1 cm3, belongs to the group of the strongest diuretics and is used intramuscularly, intravenously and intraperitoneally at intervals of 2-3 days. With intramuscular injections, according to our data, approximately 75% of daily urine output falls in the first 7-8 hours after injection.

It can be assumed that the serum of tuberculosis patients binds antigens of other microbes and, conversely, other microbes cause the formation of antibodies that also bind antigens prepared from VC.

Noma, water crayfish, was first described in 1816 (Baron). This severe suffering affects most children between the ages of 2 and 4. Cases of illness in older age are rare. The etiology of the disease is unknown. Chernyakhovsky considers it to be a maranth necrosis, and Krasin as an anemic necrosis. Oppel says that noma is a traumatic injury to the mucous membrane with the addition of infectious blood clots. Lexer argues that noma begins on the basis of inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the mouth. Schmidt finds no reason to isolate noma as an independent form of the disease and considers it to be a simple gangrene of the oral cavity. As the causative agents of the disease, diphtheria sticks, Vincent's sticks, streptotrix, leptotrix, cladotrix and symbiosis of spirochetes with a fusiform bacillus are called.

Descriptions of cases of diaphragmatic hernia, as well as other diseases of the diaphragm, are relatively rare in the literature. Therefore, we want to share our observation, which once again indicates that in the differential diagnosis of diseases of the chest and abdominal organs, it is necessary to remember about such rare diseases as a hernia of the diaphragm.

Despite the huge amount of work and great achievements in the theory and practice of studying diseases of the biliary tract, I think it is not superfluous to report a case of biliary colic, which ended in spontaneous discharge of a large stone.

In this article, the author proposes a supposedly new way of internal research of a woman in labor, in which to determine the position of the head, they use not the sutures and fontanelles, but the ear.

In our message, we would like to once again touch on the setting of teaching outpatient surgery to medical students, which, in our opinion, is not given enough attention in surgical departments. As a result of this, the graduated doctors, to whom, during their student course, clinicians willingly demonstrate gastric resections, bowel surgery, nephrectomies, know little about carbuncles, abscesses, panaritiums, etc. diseases. Meanwhile, these "minor diseases" are the main concern of polyclinic doctors and doctors of the periphery. Having not received sufficient practical training in the treatment of purulent inflammatory processes and, in particular, inflammatory processes of the fingers, young doctors are forced to gropingly understand these everyday, often complex diseases, which often lead to the loss of working capacity in case of improper treatment.

Dr. Aydarov's article correctly raises the question of the abnormal formulation of medical education in that part of it, which concerns outpatient surgery and purulent surgery in particular. The main forms of purulent surgical diseases should be studied in the third year in general surgery classes, the department of which should be provided with clinical beds and an outpatient clinic. Until recently, there was no such clinic in Kazan, just as there was no department or an outpatient clinic. Thus, teaching the basics of general surgery and, in particular, teaching students of purulent surgery stood on the wrong path of predominantly theoretical education. Until recently, there was no fixed polyclinic, where it would be possible to widely and correctly organize the teaching of 5th year students in outpatient and, in particular, purulent surgery.

At the meeting of the Council of the Kazan Medical Institute on 30 / XII 1937, LS Persianinov defended his dissertation for the degree of candidate of medical sciences. sciences. Dissertation topic: "Streptocide action in clinic and experiment". The dissertation was completed at the departments of microbiology and obstetric-gynecological Kazan. state Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians. V.I. Lenin. The dissertation candidate reviewed the literature of Russian and foreign sources, presented the clinical and experimental data obtained by various authors (Ulesko-Stroganova, Lebedeva, etc.), gave different views on the mechanism of action of streptocide: through the reticulo-endoelial system or due to the direct bactericidal property of the streptocide itself. The author's own research consists of an experimental and a clinical part.

Based on personal observations and literature data, the author gives an exhaustive presentation of the issue of ergotism. Found their reflection in the monograph: the history of ergotism toxidemia, including ergotism in the Urals in 1926-1927, general symptomatology and classification of ergotism, laboratory data for chr. ergotism, psychosis in ergotism, pathologist, anatomy of Chr. ergotism, questions of pathogenesis, examination of ergotism, preventive and therapeutic measures in helping ergotines.

The small book provides basic information about the anatomy of the breast, pathogenesis, clinical picture and therapy of postpartum mastitis. With twenty years of experience as well. underwent the development of 128 cases of mastitis that he had observed in the clinic over the past 2 years. Being a supporter of the theory of the lymphogenous origin of mastitis, a. quite in detail sets out various theories of the etiology and pathogenesis of postpartum mastitis, and also dwells in detail on the origin, treatment and prevention of nipple cracks. A. calls for great caution with feeding the baby with mastitis and cracked nipples, recommending giving it up if the mother has an infection.

Based on his observations over the past 10 years, a. recommends the determination of diastase in the urine according to Wolgemut for the diagnosis of diseases in the upper abdomen.

Packed with colossal factual material, the recently deceased Italian oncologist is a summary of cancer chemotherapy presented by him at the International Cancer Congress in Madrid in 1933.