After many years of research, Manoilov (Vrachebn. Gaz., 1923, No. 15, 21 | 22) managed to establish the 3 most typical reactions. M. especially recommends the third modification, with the help of which he investigated 530 samples of male and female blood and obtained from 86 to 36% of correct answers.
Analyzing the topic at hand, K. Rosenthal seeks to show through the clinical and anatomical study of the issue (Deut. Arch. F. Kl. Medizin, Bd. 133, S. 153) that Fahra's doctrine of the independence of benign and malignant nephrosclerosis does not stand criticism, and that we must speak not about two varieties of the process, but about two periods of it, depending on the intensity of the spread and the rate of the course of the disease.
As you know, the issue of nephrosclerosis is currently the subject of lively debate, and most authors hold a unitary point of view on this process. However, Fahr (Deut. Arch. F. Kl. Mediz., Bd. 134, J. 366) defends his doctrine of the heterogeneity of the pathological and anatomical basis of benign and malignant forms of nephrosclerosis and continues to recognize the existence of two varieties of the disease - contrary to the teachings of Löhlein'a, Aschofnʹa and his school.
Prolonged increase in blood pressure in most cases depends on prolonged spasm of arterioles even in those cases where there are arteriosclerotic regional changes in the vascular walls, and, conversely, with significantly pronounced arteriosclerosis, blood pressure may not be increased in the presence of sufficient heart function.
Although the question of finding residual nitrogen in the blood in this disease was developed, however, O. Klein'y (Deut. Arch. F. Kl. Med., Bd. 138, S. 82) succeeded in a thorough clinical study to establish periodic increases in residual nitrogen in blood, that it is necessary to establish a connection with periodic impairments of renal function during this suffering is a new fact and, in essence, very important for the clinic. It turns out that this is, apparently, depending on the temporary insufficient blood supply to the kidneys. This phenomenon should be looked at as functional (from spasm of the adducting and own vessels of the kidneys) in benign hypertension and constant in malignant hypertension, depending on anatomical and organic causes (arteriosclerosis).
On azotemic uremia there was a view that it depends on nitrogen retention in the body. However, Lax and Rohonyi (Zeitsch. F. Kl. Med., Bd. 93, p. 117) showed that there are cases of uremia in the absence of changes in renal function: the patient died with symptoms of severe uremia, despite a diet poor in nitrogen and good nitrogen excretion kidney function. Hence it follows that in the body there can be a residual nitrogen retention without subsequent uremia in nephritis, and, on the contrary, uremia may develop without a pronounced nitrogen retention.
Having made five series of insulin and making sure that the substance obtained has really strong sugar-lowering properties (see the abstract in No. 6 Kaz. Med Zhurn., 1923), VM Kogan (Medical Business, 1923, No. 24— 26) studied the effect of insulin on the isolated heart of cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals, exposing it successively to the action of his drug, then to the action of adrenaline, and came to the conclusion that insulin, in its effect on the isolated heart, is an undoubted antagonist of the adrenal hormone, adrenaline, paralyzing its effect on heart; thus, insulin is an adrenaline antagonist not only by its effect on carbohydrate metabolism, but also by its effect on the activity of the heart.
Osteomalacia, being a rare disease in Russia in general (according to Skrobansky, 49 cases before 1908), occurs quite often in the area of the former. Kazan province and, moreover, almost exclusively among the Tatars. So, Klyuchevsky (Collection of works on obstetric and gynecology, dedicated to Prof. V.S. passed during the period from 1903 to 1914. through Kazan Akush-gynek. clinic prof. VS Gruzdev, of whom 6 were traced permanently, in 4 cases surgical assistance was provided, in 4 studies of the exchange of Ca and Mg were performed, and in 3 histological changes in the ovaries were studied.
Methods of local anesthesia are being used more and more every year. So, for example, in the Würzburg clinic, according to the report of F. Konig'a (Med. Klinik, 1923, No. 7, S. 195-197), in 1920/21, out of 2200 operations, 600 were performed under local anesthesia, which is 27 %; in 1921/22, out of 2330 operations performed under local anesthesia, 910, i.e. 39%. As an anesthetic, only a ½% solution of novocain-suprarenin was used, the total amount of which usually did not exceed 300 st. 3 solutions.
Luker (according to ref. Br. Gaz., 1924, no. 2) has received very good results from the treatment of puerperal sepsis
Prof. NM Kakushkin (Doctor. Gaz., 1924, No. 2) made sure that the dissection of the cervix during the operation of a vaginal caesar section is both unnecessary and even harmful, but that the uterus should be emptied by the vaginal route, opening its cavity only in the area of her body. The operation is performed on a trace, arr .: having made a transverse or T-shaped incision in the anterior fornix, the operating one exfoliates the bladder from the uterine neck, opens the abdominal cavity, protects the bladder with a lifter, makes a small longitudinal incision in the midline of the uterine body, captures the edges of the incision with two teeth, tightens the opening closer to the vaginal lumen, lengthens the incision towards the bottom of the uterus with a knife or scissors, extracts the fetus with two or three fingers inserted into the uterus, first the fetus, then the afterbirth, scrapes out the cavum uteri with a spoon to remove the falling membrane, then sutures the uterine wound, peritoneum and fornix.
According to Zrmmermann's (ref. Zentr. F. Gyn, 1923, No. 26), the technique of this method is as follows: the bladder is emptied by catheterization; the vagina is opened with anterior and posterior spoon-shaped mirrors, the vaginal part is captured with bullet forceps and is brought down from the introitus vaginae; then the vaginal part is pulled to one side, and the wall of the vagina to the other, with the help of a lateral mirror, and the parametrium is strained; after taking the Museau forceps, the doctor applies them, sticking in the sleeve wall as high as possible, onto the uterine rib and squeezes; the same is done on the other side.
N. Umikov (Jahrb. F. Kinderh., V. 103, H. ½, 1923) gives a trace, a summary of 429 cases observed in Tiflis in 1914-18. Epidemics developed mainly in the fall, with boys getting sick more often and stronger than girls; most of the sick children were 5-12 years old; the younger the patient was, the easier his typhoid was.
After Hijmans van den Bergh showed that with the help of diazo reaction it is possible to distinguish two types of bilirubin — stagnant, passed through the liver, and functional, not passed through it, many authors have investigated in this direction and neonatal jaundice; it turned out that newborns always have functional bilirubin in the blood, and its amount is increased against the norm even in those of them who do not have obvious jaundice.
Dr. Fr. Nöthen (Jahr. F. Kind., B. 48), observing measles patients at the very beginning of their illness, noticed that these children sometimes have preliminary eruptions before true measles exanthema.
E. Kylik (Klin. Wochenschr., 1923, No. 45) describes essential hypertension as a separate symptom of a functional disease. He sharply distinguishes between two forms of hypertension: 1) from kidney disease (glomerulo-nephritis ac.) And 2) the essential form, as a manifestation of autonomic neurosis.
As far as the physical diagnosis of the organs of the chest cavity is systematically (although still far from perfect) set out in various manuals for medical diagnosis and has been widely used in the daily practice of doctors, the situation is just as bad with the physical methods of studying diseases of the abdominal cavity.
In the first part of the book, prof. Petrov, written in a popular form, sets out in some detail the rules of the diet of a pregnant woman.
Dr. I. S. Aluf gave a speech on psychology and reflexology at the II Congress of Psychoneurology. This speech is printed in the present issue K. M. Journal “in extenso.
Prof. PA Glushkov demonstrated a case of lower jaw plastics according to the method of prof. Dyakonov. Demonstrated boy, 14 years old, at the end of 1920 underwent surgery for sarcoma of the lower jaw and in February 1921 - surgery for plastic mandibulae on the joint venture. prof. Dyakonov.
Dr. BA Gusynin reported a case of a subcutaneous rupture of the neurovascular bundle under the collarbone in a 7-year-old boy. This report will be published in Kaz. Honey. The magazine “in extenso.
Prof. AF Samoilov made a report on the isolation of muscle fibers in striated muscles. This report was based on the experiments of prof. C. over m. gastrocnemius in a frog, innervated, as is known, by two roots. The very fact of such double innervation makes one think that in m. gastrocnemius has 2 parts, innervated apart from each other. However, another explanation is possible, namely that each fiber of a given muscle is innervated from two sources.