Even in the 18th century, some authors, such as Haller, pointed out that the blood in known cases lost its natural color and acquired a resemblance to milk, milky fluid (chylus), mucus or pus, Virchow in 1845, who first presented to the previous , which soon resembled the truth, the real basis. Namely, when opening the corpse of a 50-year-old woman who suffered during her life for more than a year, severe weakness, edema, repeated bronchitis and diarrhea, and in the last time frequent, sometimes lasting for several days, nosebleeds, which had a bulky and spleen pain , they were found both in the vessels and in the heart instead of the usual color of blood, yellowish-white, turning into green color, masses.

When observing an epidemic of scurvy in 1902, 3 uch. Spassky uzd, Kazan province, it was impossible not to notice that between it and the past, which was in 1899, there is a connection, the study of which could replenish our knowledge, both in general on the issue of scurvy, and in particular about scurvy observed in our east , in connection with the conditions that cause it.

Hypnosis in the therapy of mental disorders has not yet received the right of citizenship: it is not often ignored where it could have an extremely important meaning. The conditions hindering this are reduced to the following: 1) the possibility of harmful consequences of hypnotization, 2) the nature of the disease itself, which is unsuitable for the use of hypnosis, and h) the most mental illness. organ, which is expressed in the weakening of suggestibility and in the impossibility of lulling to sleep in the period of illness.

For the treatment of alcoholics, especially in relation to the masses, almost nothing has been done in Russia yet, and the need for this is denied by some, and even by doctors: Dr. Favr says that "it is not very expensive, and not so useful." Hospitals are being arranged for hopeless patients: epileptics, idiots, progressive paralytics are treated, according to statistics from foreign hospitals for alcoholics, you can strongly rely on 27-30% of their full recovery and 50-60% of temporary recovery: the device is already a merit, and therefore for alcoholics there is a national issue.

For too thirteen years, the author has been engaged in the application of hypnosis to the treatment of chronic alcoholics of the indigenous Russian population of the most diverse strata of society, from all possible localities in Russia, of various ages, from 17 to 72 years. The genealogy of 760 chronic alcoholics has been studied.

If in surgery, which is the unity of art with science, the talent and individual abilities of the linden allow him to be a good technician, then art should still play a subordinate role in relation to the scientific foundations that lie at the root of surgical experience. The creation of these fundamentals is preached by the teaching of two sciences directly related to each other — topographic anatomy and operative surgery.

The name - "eversio sive prolapsus ventriculi Morgagni" - was given to the disease of the mucous membrane of the Morgan's ventricle, which gives a picture of a tumor hanging over the vocal cords and reduced into the ventricle. Late observations, connected with pathological studies, showed that such a name should be abandoned, and that the pathological and anatomical essence of the disease consists in chronic hyperplasia of the mucous membrane or ventricle, or false vocal cords.

The works of the last day have established two types of cerebral hernias ”—exencephalia, representing protrusion of parts of the brain and cephalocele or cephaloma, which is a congenital teratoid neoplasm. There are few cases of posterior cephalomas.

The case described by the author is interesting for some complications, which accompanied the injury, and for the excellent outcome, despite the severity of the injury and complications. The patient received a wound corresponding to the 7th rib on the anterior axillary line. When the 7th rib and 6th intercostal space were exposed, it appeared to be torn apart, a cloudy liquid with a sour smell protrudes from the wound (when exhaled); Listening to the lung reveals the absence of respiratory noises. In the circumference of the wound, subcutaneous emphysema.

During surgery for a strangulated inguinal hernia, an incarcerated loop of the small intestine, found in a very bad state (matte surface, manifestations of stagnation, initial areas of gangrene), when manipulated to separate the splices, it broke through with a hernia.

A review of literary material (8th case 'and the author's own observations (from the history of the disease) make him disagree with Mikulicz's opinion that the imposition of an intestinal suture does not relieve the patient from suffering and is only able to prolong them in the majority of these two literatures. In cases belonging to the author, an undoubted improvement in the general condition of the patient and the elimination of local seizures from the stomach were noted.

Chronic suffering of the pancreas (chronic pancreatitis, stones), sometimes existing latently and without causing painful symptoms, in other cases is accompanied by a well-known symptom complex, which is sometimes characteristic of this disease, sometimes it completely simulates a picture of suffering. The characteristic (but not frequent) symptoms of pancreatitis include: diabetes, an abundance of fat and undigested meat in feces, the presence of pancreatic stones in them.

When studying the literary and statistical side of the issue, the unequal distribution of the number of patients operated on for cholelithiasis is striking. Russia belongs to the number of countries where this disease is very rare, which is indicated by both the data of pathological autopsies and hospital reports. The question of the reasons for this phenomenon remains open.

The author cites 4 cases when large nerve trunks were found when cervical tumors were removed. In one case, when there is no more neurovascular bundle, the result of overloading n. “Vagi was a temporary (ok“ notѣli) increased heart rate (up to 114), but a temporary contraction of the pupil and persistent paralysis n. recurrentis. In another, where not only the vagus had to be eliminated, but access, Willisii and n. hypogloss, the most positive result for the patient turned out to be: choking and hoarseness.

A healthy, apparently, woman who became pregnant after an 8-year break, had a full-term (at 3100.0) child. The slight degree of asphyxiation quickly gave way to the accepted mѣram; some cyanosis on the first day of life disappeared by the second day.

One of the very rare fractures is the fracture of the head of the fibulae. The two-sided fracture in the literature available to the author has not yet been described. The origin of the fracture of the head of the fibulae, on the one hand, may be the result of a strong contraction of the w. bicipitis (with a significant extension of the lower leg and tension of the lateral ligament of the knee joint), and with the other, it can be directly dependent on external violence.

Phlegmon of the stomach — a disease that is almost not diagnosed clinically due to the absence of characteristic phenomena — usually occurs during autopsy. It has been known for a long time that this disease has a more or less accurate anatomical picture.

An aneurysm of the abdominal aorta can not easily simulate a neoplasm of any abdominal organ. Since aneurysm is most often formed in the region of the superior mesenteric artery, the organs, the defeat of which must be excluded, include those lying near this place.

Review of work on diagnostics, private pathology and therapy of diseases of the circulatory apparatus for 1901. N.I.Kotovshchikova, Merit. prof. Kazan University.

3rd Congress of Russian surgeons in Moscow
(End).
Session on December 20.
S.F.Derzhinskiy (Moscow). About postoperative pneumonia.

3rd Congress of Russian surgeons in Moscow
Session on December 21.
V.I. Razumovskiy. (Kazan) On the surgical treatment of small intestine contraction.