The question of various methods of anesthesia does not cease to interest surgeons until the last time. A new way of anesthesia of the lower half of the body, by injecting a solution of cocaine into the subdural space of the lumbar spinal cord, has arisen and is being developed in the most recent years.
In one exit from the section of nervous and mental illnesses at the last congress of Russian doctors in memory of N.I. Pirogov prof. Tarnovsky, referring to the symptomatology of the tabes dorsalis, cited Charcot's remark that "with tabes dorsalis there are as many symptoms as there are letters in alga-vit", adding from himself that "these symptoms, perhaps, are a little more."
Our hospital practice gives us quite a few cases of lingering mental disorders, which are taking such an unfavorable course that there is no reason to count on recovery or at least a significant improvement in the disease. In such cases, according to all the painful symptoms, it is undoubtedly evident that the manifestations of persistent, secondary dementia have already begun; to inquiries of the patient's relatives, who require the doctor for the most part to give a categorical answer regarding the outcome of this case, the psychiatrist, no matter how careful he may be in the prognosis, has to give answers to the very unfavorable content.
Every doctor, practicing in the painting community, involuntarily encounters that diverse picture of diseases, in the form of which paints are manifested.
And indeed, the painter, especially its types — febris interm. larvata and cahexia shaiagisa prinia very often mask other infectious diseases or manifest themselves in the form of different neuralgias, convulsions, even paralysis of an intermittent nature, then constant or bring the body to an extreme degree of exhaustion, without showing any other symptoms. And at the present time, more and more cases of malaria are accumulated, described in the literature in the form of a wide variety of clinical forms, even more confirming such a different manifestation of it.
The other day there were published lectures on Pathological Anatomy, read at the University of St. Vladimira prof. V.K.Vysokovich, with 31 figs. into textѣ. Lectures embrace an almost complete course of pathological anatomy, both general and specific. Although they are concise, concise, in nature, they contain everything essential and important; the new scholarship and recent views on pathological processes are given, and quite a lot of the general pathological side of changes is being made.
This work, which is an experimental study, touches on one of the newest issues of clinical surgery - the issue of the use of water vapor and hot air to stop bleeding in case of liver injuries. The first of these accusations of all-embarrassment, or, simply, scalding, was
proposed a few years ago by prof. Snegirevym (in Moscow) and has a wide application in gynecological practice for various diseases of the female genital area; the second method — burning with a jet of hot air — was proposed by No-lapsiegsom and has a narrower application — for operating on tissues and organs rich in blood vessels. The author of the above article performed a total of 29 experiments on 20 animals (5 on rabbits and 15 on dogs).
The issue of materials for sutures and ligatures is one of the most important in everyday surgical practice. We all know that the sholk and catgut, which most surgeons still use now, have a number of shortcomings, and at the same time they are quite large; especially this must be said about the difficulty of achieving a completely aseptic state of the specified material. Therefore, until now, the authors are looking for such material for seams and ligatures, which, satisfying the well-known physical requirements, would be at the same time and easily disinfected.
In view of the positive properties that deer tendon filaments have in the eyes of a surgeon — their ease of deploration and their ability to be absorbed — the author of the above article began to use deer tendons in the ambulatory practice of the Maryinskaya Moscow hospital.
The material of the venerable author is of particular interest to us in view of the fact that all his cases were operated on in a rural hospital.
The work of the above author is part of an experienced, part of a clinical study on one of these issues, which are of great importance, first of all, for a practical surgeon.
The author, in his detailed article, cites observations, embracing the period of time in 11 years from 1888 to 1898, inclusive of 233 paralytics — 182 husbands. and 51 women who used the Smolensk psychiatric hospitalѣ. According to his observations, for every 100 admissions there were 9.84 cases of growing paralysis in men and 4.92 in women. At the same time, for every 100 male paralytics received, absolutely - 27, 97 women; the relative number, for every 100 men, 50 women. The author finds that his data occupy, as it were, an average place between those of other observers.
The author, in a rather extensive article, gives data on the historical development of the family spirit of the mentally ill, both in the west - in Belgium, France, Scotland, Germany, etc., as well as in America; at the same time, it points to the administrative and medical organization of patronage, its advantages, convenience and benefits, its successes and failures, as well as the negative aspects of its existence and difficulties in carrying out life and action.
The authors cite quite extensive literary information on this subject. — The opinions of scientists who have dealt with the issue of acute delirium are two main main views: some researchers give acute delirium a separate place in the classification of souls. illnesses, others, they sometimes identify him with other psychotic, illnesses, then they take him only for a symptom complex.
In his article, the author informs that some patients - epileptics, after the end of the convulsive period, do not fall asleep, but fall into an automatic state lasting from 10 to 15 minutes: they do not recognize those around them, commit unmotivated acts, etc.
The author in the 5 cases described in forensic psychopathology, interesting in practical relations, first of all points out that painful phenomena of the mental sphere are not met in military life very often and therefore serious attention should be paid to them.
First, the author gives an understanding of what a crime and a criminal is. Further, he subdivides criminals into criminals from birth, who have deviations in the manifestation of feelings, feelings, thinking and will from birth; accustomed criminals, thanks to the wrong perverted upbringing, and criminals mentally sick. The author, dwelling exclusively on the scholarship about the inborn criminal, says that there is a very insignificant difference between the inborn criminal and the mentally ill, especially if we take moral insanity as the starting point.
In the literature for the last three years, on the issue of acute delirium, as an independent psycho-nervous illness, there has not been full agreement; however, a look at the independence of acute delirium and its infectious origin becomes predominant. For their part, the authors V. and S. give two cases of acute delirium: one with subacute course and microscopic examination of the brain and spinal cord, the other only with pathological and anatomical data.
Having collected detailed literary data on the still controversial issue of the ethiology of progressive paralysis, the author sets out the following views on this issue. In the vast majority of cases, progressive paralysis occurs in syphilitics. With progressive paralysis, not only developed syphilis is combined, but also inherited. But, no matter how often this combination occurs, syphilis is not the only and not exclusive reason for the last day.
The author, pointing out that gebephrenia still does not have a definite place in the classification of mental illnesses and about the nature and essence of this mental disorder, there are still contradictions between authoritative observers, finds that gebephrenic vision, as well as practical, especially when solving forensic psychiatric questions. After a brief review of the literature on hebephrenia, the author gives a description of the case of hebephrenia from his practice in the Kiev Military Hospital.
The author offers the reader's attention a case of insanitas moralis observed by him in the hospitals of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in S.-P. and B. with a forensic medical purpose.
The author gives three own observations. The first case represents a type of continuous, progressive course of catatonia. The second is the type of remitting course of it. In the third case, due to the brevity of the observation, the author does not undertake to establish a decisive diagnosis; he refers him to early dementia, complicated by catatonic phenomena; but he thinks it is probable that in this case, too, it must be a typical catatonia.
A patient was delivered to the Derbent railway hospital in an unconscious state, judging by his clothes - a highlander. The patient imagined the phenomenon of concussion of the brain and hemorrhage in his being.
The author describes his observations and impressions made by him from the examination of hospitals for the mentally ill in some of the States of Northern America and in Hamburg.
Reviews.
Over the past ten years in Russian society, the anti-alcohol movement is exerting more and more force: societies and sobriety circles are opening, special literature on this issue is published and multiplied, both popular and scientific, the call for sobriety and abstinence is heard from different sides of people , occupying the most diverse social status, finally, this complex issue from different sides is also studied by people of science, the ambitions of scientists are dedicated to it, it is touched upon at scientists' congresses (for example, Pirogovskikh), it is debated on the pages of special and general press.
This work is a fairly complete exposition, in a systematic order of the developed program, of the activities of the St. Petersburg Commission on the issue of alcoholism, among which the author of the article was also included, which partly explains his ardent attitude towards the activities of the Commission.
This manual should be attributed to such a role of writings, which have more the character of a short compendium, set out succinctly, but clearly enough, but not of particular scientific significance.
The purpose of this publication is clearly defined by the author himself in the preface to the book “... My work, he says, has a more modest task: I only wanted to give doctors the opportunity to practice ... to consciously and scientifically apply electrotherapy and diagnostics. ... In the department of private electrotherapy, I did not describe all the methods used by numerous authors in the treatment of each painful form, but pointed out only a few of them, which gave me the best results. ... I did not mention at all ... about those illnesses, in which electrotherapy, although recommended by some authors, but in which its meaning has not been established and requires even further provings and observations. " From these words, it can be seen that the book is intended by eye for practitioners, that it means to communicate information about the most commonly used tools and main medical procedures, and is compiled with the advantage based on the personal experience of the author.
Ural Medical Society in Yekaterinburgѣ.
(Meeting on September 8, 1900).
Society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at Kazan University.
(Meeting December 17, 1900).
Scientific meeting of the doctors of the Kazan District Hospital.
(Annual appointment December 21, 1900).
Scientific gathering of doctors of the Kazan clinic of nervous diseases.
Meeting on January 9, 1901 vol.
Obituary
Nikolay Alexandrovich Tolmachev
"Kazan Medical Journal", which is the organ of the Society of Physicians at the Imperial Kazan University, will be published every month, with the exception of June and July, according to the following programs: I. original articles, II. Abstracts of current literature, III. Annual reviews of literature, IV. reports on the appointments of scientific societies, congresses and doctoral disputes at Kazan University, V. reports of hospital institutions, VI. correspondence, VII. reviews, VIII. bibliography, IX. letters to the editor, X. obituary, XI chronology and small details.