The course of the country's leadership towards industrialization and the rapid growth of the refrigeration industry in the 1920s and 1930s predetermined the need to create a single educational and scientific center that would provide the developing industry with refrigeration specialists. On May 31, 1931, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, by Decree No. 431, opened in Leningrad in the building of a former commercial school built in 1872 on Cherpyshev lane, house 9, a center for refrigeration engineering - the Leningrad Educational Mechanical and Technological Refrigeration Plant, which united the institute, the workers' faculty and technical school.
The Department of Theoretical Fundamentals of Heat and Cooling Engineering was founded in 1946 by Anatoly Georgievich Tkachev, a graduate of our university, in those years a candidate of technical sciences, vice-rector of the institute for educational and scientific work.
In 1947, the Department of Sanitary Engineering was founded at the institute. The first two years it was headed by Professor A.N. Budnyakov, and from 1948 to 1967 - by Professor R. M. Ladyzhensky, under whom since 1961 it became known as the Department of Air Conditioning, Sanitary Engineering and Labor Protection.
The department "Refrigerating plants" was organized in 1933 after the division of the department "Refrigerating machines and installations", which was headed since 1931 by Corresponding Member. USSR Academy of Sciences A.A. Satkevich. The creation of a new department was due to the increased need of the rapidly developing sectors of the food industry and refrigeration for engineering personnel in the field of production and use of artificial cold.
В 50-х годах XX века основанных отраслях науки и техники начались интенсивное развитие новых технологий, в значительной степени связанных с использованием криогенных температур. Это относится В первую очередь к таким отраслям, как металлургия, химия и ракетно-космически техника. Для работы в них потребовались инженерные кадры, имеющие необходимые знания в области криогеники.
A possibility of development of a unified family of compressors with various refrigw capacities and pressure ratios on the basis of one baseline full-size axial compressor hai^ maximum number of stages is shown. This makes it possible to implement a re/r^eJ cycle with one compressor and much simpler vapor supply to intermediate stages than* the use of centrifugal compressors
Different modifications of Russian absorption lithium-hromide heat transformers (ABPT) of tipnerulifui have been developed using science-intensive technologies. They are designed for wi wdvr conditions of producing cold, heat and simultaneous production of cold and heat, with of generators with hot water, steam, products of combustion of natural gas or liquidJuel.
I in ABPT ofnew construction materials and profiles of heat exchange tubes, corrosion inhibitors nhvfaciants allowed to increase the service life ofABPTup to 25years and reduce the amount of consumption to the level comparable with AR PT produced by world leading companies echnical and cost-efficient indices of AR PT of new generation allow to recommend them ?atrg)-saving refrigerating and heat-pump machines.
In the 830s, the building of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior was blown up and the construction of a high-rise building of the Palace of Soviets began in its place.
A huge pit was dug and the metal structures of the foundation of the high-rise building were erected. At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, construction was stopped, the metal structures were cut off and used as anti-tank barriers in the defense of Moscow. After the end of the war, the construction of the Palace of Soviets was not resumed, and an outdoor swimming pool was built on the site of the foundation pit.
In the mid-90s, with the active participation of Moscow Mayor Yu.M. Luzhkov, a decision was made to eliminate the pool and restore the Cathedral of Christ the Savior on this site. The design and architectural work on the reconstruction of the temple was led by the director of the Mosproekt-2 Institute M.M. Posokhin
The refrigeration industry is developing quite rapidly in our country today. The August crisis of 1998, which resulted in a sharp drop in the supply of imported refrigeration equipment, benefited domestic producers. This revived Russian factories for the production of commercial refrigeration equipment. With the development of various forms of trade, including virtual, the need for refrigerated chambers, refrigerated display cases and counters, mobile refrigeration units and air conditioners has grown.
The use of R22 refrigerant instead of R502 in low-temperature refrigeration equipment is associated with the need to fulfill a number of special requirements for the design of the compressor and refrigeration oil. By increasing the R22 condensing pressure, the discharge temperature can quickly reach unacceptable values. With prolonged operation under such conditions, the stability of the oil in the mixture with the refrigerant drops and, as a result, the life of the compressor is reduced. It is possible to reduce the discharge temperature by using a special cooling system that uses a controlled injection of liquid refrigerant into the compressor suction cavity. In relation to Bitzer compressors, such a system is called CIC (Controlled Injection Cooling). The consumer has a reliable way to limit the discharge temperature in four- and six-cylinder reciprocating compressors
A seminar held on November 14-17, 2000, organized by the Kholod training plant (under the jurisdiction of Rosmyasomoltorg OJSC) for chief engineers and heads of compressor shops of food enterprises and cold storage plants, was devoted to this topical topic. The seminar was attended by representatives of the cold storage plant st. Uzlovaya, Smolensk, Zhukovsky, Kaluga, Voronezh, Saratov cold storage plants, as well as the board of Rosmyasomoltorg OJSC, research and design organizations, universities, firms, etc.
On the basis of reciprocating semi-hermetic ammonia compressors manufactured by Grasso (a plant in Halle, Germany), a family of refrigerating machines for cooling liquids (chillers with a wide performance range: from 115 to 1549 kW) was created. Joint research by specialists from Grasso and Sins » made it possible to develop a special electric motor resistant to ammonia, high humidity and refrigeration oils, suitable for use in Grasso semi-hermetic mechanical compressors of a unique design.
Insulating gas masks IP-4m, IP-5, IP-6 and regenerative cartridges for them RP-4-01, RP-5, RP-6.