Immune rebalancing at the maternal-fetal interface of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during early pregnancy
Received date: 02 Oct 2023
Accepted date: 05 Feb 2024
Copyright
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) remains a threat to pregnant women. However, the impact of early pregnancy SARS-CoV-2 infection on the maternal-fetal interface remains poorly understood. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of single-cell transcriptomics and metabolomics in placental samples infected with SARS-CoV-2 during early pregnancy. Compared to control placentas, SARS-CoV-2 infection elicited immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface and induced metabolic alterations in amino acid and phospholipid profiles during the initial weeks post-infection. However, subsequent immune cell activation and heightened immune tolerance in trophoblast cells established a novel dynamic equilibrium that mitigated the impact on the maternal-fetal interface. Notably, the immune response and metabolic alterations at the maternal-fetal interface exhibited a gradual decline during the second trimester. Our study underscores the adaptive immune tolerance mechanisms and establishment of immunological balance during the first two trimesters following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Chenxiang Xi , Zihui Yan , Dandan Bai , Yalin Zhang , Beiying Wang , Xiaoxiao Han , Li Wu , Xiaohui Shi , Zhiyi Hu , Ming Tang , Zhongqu Su , Yingdong Liu , Binya Liu , Jiqing Yin , Hong Wang , Xiaocui Li , Yanping Zhang , Shaorong Gao , Wenqiang Liu . Immune rebalancing at the maternal-fetal interface of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during early pregnancy[J]. Protein & Cell, 2024 , 15(6) : 460 -473 . DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwae006
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