Single-port three-dimensional endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy for gynaecomastia: an aesthetically superior and novel approach
Chi Wei Mok , Jun Xian Jeffrey Hing , Su-Ming Tan
Mini-invasive Surgery ›› 2019, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (1) : 40
Single-port three-dimensional endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy for gynaecomastia: an aesthetically superior and novel approach
Gynaecomastia is a benign clinical condition that can occur in men of all ages, attributed by the proliferation of glandular tissue. Most patients are asymptomatic while symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe pain can present in patients with gynaecomastia. In addition to these, this condition may affect the psychological well-being of patients leading to a need for further treatment. Medical treatment of primary gynaecomastia in the form of anti-oestrogen therapy has not been proven to be effective and there is no consensus regarding the drug of choice or optimal duration of treatment. Surgical treatment is usually the standard treatment in primary gynaecomastia. There have been various techniques described in the literature with the aim of restoring a pleasant chest shape with limited scar on incision. Most of the techniques however involve the use of a peri-areolar or a Wise pattern incision, which can be obvious, especially in patients with a tendency to scar badly. The authors describe a novel approach, whereby a single-port endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy using the three-dimensional endoscopic system with incision placed along the anterior axillary line was performed for a patient with gynaecomastia and thereby conferring excellent aesthetic outcomes.
Gynaecomastia / subcutaneous mastectomy / endoscopic / endoscopic-assisted / three-dimensional / single port / insufflation
| [1] |
|
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
|
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
|
| [6] |
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
PDF
