An endangered wild tea plant resource with unique alkaloid and catechin profiles and potential high-quality tea

Dingding Liu , Yuanquan Chen , Jiedan Chen , Chenyu Zhang , Yuanyuan Ye , Piao Mei , Peixin Wang , Shiqi Ding , Yang Gong , Junyu Wang , Xinrong Hu , Mingzhe Yao , Chunlei Ma

Horticulture Research ›› 2026, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5) : 31

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Horticulture Research ›› 2026, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5) :31 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhag031
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An endangered wild tea plant resource with unique alkaloid and catechin profiles and potential high-quality tea
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Dingding Liu, Yuanquan Chen, Jiedan Chen, Chenyu Zhang, Yuanyuan Ye, Piao Mei, Peixin Wang, Shiqi Ding, Yang Gong, Junyu Wang, Xinrong Hu, Mingzhe Yao, Chunlei Ma. An endangered wild tea plant resource with unique alkaloid and catechin profiles and potential high-quality tea. Horticulture Research, 2026, 13 (5) : 31 DOI:10.1093/hr/uhag031

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1200203), Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (32494784), Zhejiang Science and Technology Major Program on Agricultural New Variety Breeding-Tea Plant (2021C02067-6), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LZ24C160003), and the Fundamental Research Fund for Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (1610212022009).

Author contributions

M.C.L. and Y.M.Z. conceived the study and designed the experiments. L.D.D., C.Y.Q., Z.C.Y., Y.Y.Y., M.P., G.Y., D.S.Q., W.J.Y., W.P.X., and H.X.R. performed the experiments and gathered samples. L.D.D., C.J.D., and M.C.L. analyzed the data and organized the figures. L.D.D and M.C.L. wrote the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

Data availability

The transcriptome data of FCC and LJ43 can be found in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) under the bioproject number PRJNA1308736. The illumina sequencing data of FCC can also be found in the NCBI SRA under the bioproject number PRJNA1395793. The other relevant data can be found within the manuscript and its supplementary information. Supplementary Data is available at http://www.teaplant.top/teagvd/download.

Conflicts of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

References

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Qin F, Zhang X, Huang Y, et al. Geographic distribution, conservation effectiveness, and gaps for national key protected wild plants in China. J Syst Evol. 2023; 61: 967-78.

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Jin J, Ma J, Ma C, et al. Determination of catechin content in representative Chinese tea germplasms. J Agric Food Chem. 2014; 62: 9436-41.

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Zhang Y, Pan H, Wu Q, et al. Natural variation in promoters of F3’5’H and ANS correlates with catechins diversification in Thea species of genus camellia . Plant J. 2025; 121: e70108.

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Wang Y, Liu Y, Wei M, et al. Deeply functional identification of TCS1 alleles provides efficient technical paths for low-caffeine breeding of tea plants . Hortic Res. 2023; 10: uhac279.

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Jin J, Chai Y, Liu Y, et al. Hongyacha, a naturally caffeine-free tea plant from Fujian, China. J Agric Food Chem. 2018; 66: 11311-113.

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