Integrating QTL mapping and transcriptomics to decipher the genetic architecture of sterol metabolism in Brassica napus L

Abstract

Sterols are secondary metabolites commonly found in rapeseed that play crucial physiological roles in plants and also benefit human health. Consequently, unraveling the genetic basis of sterol synthesis in rapeseed is highly important. In this study, 21 individual sterols as well as total sterol (TS) content were detected in a double haploid (DH) population of Brassica napus, and a total of 24 quantitative trait loci (QTL) and 157 mQTL were identified that were associated with TS and different individual sterols. Time-series transcriptomic analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in sterol and lipid biosynthesis pathways were enriched. Additionally, a regulatory network between sterol-related DEGs and transcription factors (TFs) was established using coexpression analysis. Some candidate genes were identified with the integration of transcriptomic analysis and QTL mapping, and the key candidate gene BnSQS1. C03 was selected for further functional analysis. BnSQS1.C03 demonstrated squalene synthase activity in vitro and increased the TS by 3.8% when overexpressed in Arabidopsis. The present results provide new insights into sterol regulatory pathways and a valuable genetic basis for breeding rapeseed varieties with high sterol content in the future.

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD1201401) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272067 and 32072098).

Author contributions

M.L., H.J., and L.Z. conceived and designed the project. Y.X. and G.L. performed the experiments and analyzed the data. Y.X. wrote the manuscript. M.L. and H.J. revised the manuscript. H.L., P.F., and S.Y. provided assistance during the experiment, and J.H. helped with the visualization of the data.

Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are accessible in the sequence read archive (SRA) of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) with the accession number PRJNA1078081.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

Supplementary Data

Supplementary data is available at Horticulture Research online.

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