The telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of wild blueberry (Vaccinium duclouxii) provides its high soluble sugar and anthocyanin accumulation

Abstract

Vaccinium duclouxii, endemic to southwestern China, is a berry-producing shrub or small tree belonging to the Ericaceae family, with high nutritive, medicinal, and ornamental value, abundant germplasm resources, and good edible properties. In addition, V. duclouxii exhibits strong tolerance to adverse environmental conditions, making it a promising candidate for research and offering wide-ranging possibilities for utilization. However, the lack of V. duclouxii genome sequence has hampered its development and utilization. Here, a high-quality telomere-to-telomere genome sequence of V. duclouxii was de novo assembled and annotated. All of 12 chromosomes were assembled into gap-free single contigs, providing the highest integrity and quality assembly reported so far for blueberry. The V. duclouxii genome is 573.67 Mb, which encodes 41 953 protein-coding genes. Combining transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses, we have uncovered the molecular mechanisms involved in sugar and acid accumulation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in V. duclouxii. This provides essential molecular information for further research on the quality of V. duclouxii. Moreover, the high-quality telomere-to- telomere assembly of the V. duclouxii genome will provide insights into the genomic evolution of Vaccinium and support advancements in blueberry genetics and molecular breeding.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (32160695, 32160718), the Natural Science Foun-dation of Guizhou Province [ZK (2022) 301], Guizhou Normal University QSXM[2022]19, the Project of Basic Research Plan in Yunnan (202101BC070003; 202302AE090005); the Natural Science Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education [KY (2022) 170], the Guizhou Scholarship for Overseas Students [(2019) 12]; ad the Innovation Program of Postgraduate Education of Guizhou Province [Qian Jiao He YJSCXJH (2020) 098].

Author contributions

T.Z., Z.-J.H., J.-W.H., C.-Y.W., and L.-S.W planned and designed research; T.Z., Z.-J.H., J.-F.H., W.L., S.-X.H., J.-W.L., L.-Y.Z., W.-F.Z., Z.-S.Y., C.L., and Y.-T.Z. performed the research; T.Z., W.L., S.-X.H., and S.W. analyzed the data; T.Z., J.-W.H., C.-Y.W., and L.-S.W. wrote the paper; J.-W.H., C.-Y.W. and L.-S.W. revised the paper.

Data availability

The genome sequences described in this article were submit-ted and released to The National Genomics Data Center (NGDC, https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn) under BioProject PRJCA016292.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Supplementary data

Supplementary data is available at Hortic Res online.

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