The essential role of jasmonate signaling in Solanum habrochaites rootstock-mediated cold tolerance in tomato grafts

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is among the most important vegetables across the world, but cold stress usually affects its yield and quality. The wild tomato species Solanum habrochaites is commonly utilized as rootstock for enhancing resistance against abiotic stresses in cultivated tomato, especially cold resistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this research, we confirmed that S. habrochaites rootstock can improve the cold tolerance of cultivated tomato scions, as revealed by growth, physiological, and biochemical indicators. Furthermore, transcriptome profiling indicated significant differences in the scion of homo- and heterografted seedlings, including substantial changes in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling, which were validated by RT–qPCR analysis. S. habrochaites plants had a high basal level of jasmonate, and cold stress caused a greater amount of active JA- isoleucine in S. habrochaites heterografts. Moreover, exogenous JA enhanced while JA inhibitor decreased the cold tolerance of tomato grafts. The JA biosynthesis-defective mutant spr8 also showed increased sensitivity to cold stress. All of these results demonstrated the significance of JA in the cold tolerance of grafted tomato seedlings with S. habrochaites rootstock, suggesting a future direction for the characterization of the natural variation involved in S. habrochaites rootstock-mediated cold tolerance.

Acknowledgements

We thank Prof. Chuanyou Li (Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) for providing the spr8 mutant and its background parent used in this study. This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2019YFD1001900, 2022YFE0100900) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2019CFA017).

Author contributions

L.W., B.W., Z.B., and B.O. conceived and designed the experiments. G.C., H.C., Y.P., H.S., G.L., S.G., and D.X. performed the experiments and analyzed the data. L.W., B.O., and Z.B. wrote the paper.

Data availability

All the data generated in this study are included in this article and its supplementary information. Data from RNA-seq were submitted to the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under accession number PRJNA868139 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA868139).

Conflict of interest

The authors claim to have no conflicts of interest.

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