Optical addressing, a technology to focus and align individual addressing beams onto quantum particles, needs integrated, miniatured, and flexible focusing optical elements to realize precise manipulation over quantum states of individual trapped ion or neutral atom.

Skeletal muscle is the largest metabolic organ in the body.

Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy type 2 (BSCL2), the most severe form of lipodystrophy that leads to loss of nearly all subcutaneous fat tissue, is caused by mutations in the BSCL2/seipin gene.

Photocatalysis is a green and sustainable technology that has received extensive attention because of its ability to utilize solar energy to address the energy crisis and environmental pollution.

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) play an important role in new-generation flat-panel displays.

Hospital wastewater (HWW) contains plenty of persistent compounds, dangerous substances, and pathogenic microorganisms, such as antibiotics, psychiatric drugs, β-receptor blockers, anesthetics, analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and X-ray contrast agents.

Food waste is a major social problem that contributes to the overutilization of natural resources, affecting economic progress and environment protection.

Reverse osmosis (RO) has attracted wide attention for its extensive applicability in brackish water and seawater desalination.

Microplastic (defined to be less than 5 nm) is growing environmental pollution problem

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a progressive complication associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), causing deterioration of cardiac function in diabetic patients, independent of coronary artery disease, and hypertension.

Infertility is a global public health problem caused by genetic defects, lifestyle, nutrition, and factors affecting the local metabolism and microenvironment of the reproductive system.

Globally, there are approximately 55 million people who suffer from dementia, and the incidence of the disease has steadily increased.

Premature ovarian ageing (POA) refers to an early decline in ovarian function; it is the main cause of infertility in elder women and is characterized by a markedly reduced ovarian reservoir.

Water quality monitoring is recognized as an effective measure to guarantee water safety as it provides real-time information online and raises alerts for incoming pollutants.

embrane technology is widely applied in water treatment for removing suspended particles, colloids, and organic pollutants from polluted water.