Implementation and performance evaluation of advance metering infrastructure for Borneo-Wide Power Grid

Abstract

In this paper, a supervisory computer network for Borneo-Wide Power Grid system have been proposed and implemented, which includes a renewable power generation and advanced metering infrastructure. An Internet-based communication network running on multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) has been implemented for a smart power grid, with the addition of the renewable energy monitoring system. The centralized supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA) are replaced by a wide area monitoring system(WAMS) comprising of a phasor measurement unit (PMU). The implemented communication network used advanced metering infrastructure that operates on worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) and low power Wi-Fi, which are proposed for the distribution systems of Sarawak Energy. The proposed wide area network (WAN) is simulated using OPNET Modeler and the results are compared with the existing WAN used by Sarawak Energy.

Key words： renewable energy; multiprotocol label switching (MPLS); power grid; phasor measurement unit (PMU); supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA); wide area monitoring system (WAMS); worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX); synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)

References

1 Then S. Project to power up borneo. 2012, available at the website of thestar

2 Gauci A, Eng P. Smart grid fault location, isolation, and service restoration (FLISR) solutions to manage operational and capital expenditures. Available at the website of schneider-electric

3 Lauby M G. Reliability considerations for application of smart grid technologies. IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2010: 1–4

4 Kansal P, Bose A. Bandwidth and latency requirements for smart transmission grid applications. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2012, 3(3): 1344–1352

5 Farhangi H. The path of the smart grid. IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, 2010, 8(1): 18–28

6 Oh T H, Pang S Y, Chua S C. Energy policy and alternative energy in Malaysia: issues and challenges for sustainable growth. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2010, 14(4): 1241–1252

7 Suruhanjaya Tenaga. Report on the performance of the electricity supply services in Malaysia year 2005 edition. 2005, available at the website of st

8 Maaji S S, Khan D F S, Haldar M K, Tabassum M, Karunakaran P. Integration of solar and wind power to a Borneo-Wide Power Grid. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 2013, 4(6): 681–687

9 Mekhilef S, Safari A, Mustaffa W E S, Saidur R, Omar R, Younis M A A. Solar energy in Malaysia: current state and prospects. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012, 16(1): 386–396

10 Jakhrani A Q, Othman A K, Rigit A R H, Samo S R. Assessment of solar and wind energy resources at five typical locations in Sarawak. Journal of Energy and Environment, 2012, 4(1)

11 Patel M, Aivaliotis S, Ellen E. Real-time application of synchrophasors for improving reliability. NERC Report, 2010, 1–78

12 Sesco Transmission. The reliable power connection, sesco transmission system, information booklet. Available at the website of amazonaws

13 Suruhanjaya Tenaga. Electricity supply industry in Malaysia performance and statistical information 2010, available at the website of docslide

14 Hossain E, Han Z, Poor H V. Smart Grid Communications and Networking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012, 23(3):297–302

15 Rashed Mohassel R, Fung A, Mohammadi F, Raahemifar K. A survey on advanced metering infrastructure. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2014, 63(63): 473–484

16 Wong Y Y. Smart online electrical billing management system (SOEBIMS) using GSM. 2012, available at the website of ump

17 Noraziaha A, Yin W Y, Abdalla A N, Ming C K, Smart online electrical billing management system using GSM (SOEBIMS). Global Journal on Technology, 2012

18 CISCO. Why IP is the right foundation for the smart grid. 2014-10, available at the website of cisco

19 SDH. Synchronous digital hierarchy. 2007, available at the website of techtarget

20 MPLS traffic engineering fast reroute-link protection. 2015-9, available at the website of cisco

21 CISCO. Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS). 2015-9, available at the website of cisco

22 Luan W, Sharp D, Lancashire S. Smart grid communication network capacity planning for power utilities. Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition, 2010:1–4

23 Usman A, Shami S H. Evolution of communication technologies for smart grid applications. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013, 19(1): 191–199

24 Zhang Q, Sun Y, Cui Z. Application and analysis of ZigBee technology for smart grid. In: International Conference o Computer and Information Application (ICCIA)

25 Er Ishu G, Er Perminder K. Comparative throughput of Wi-Fi & Ethernet LANs using OPNET MODELER. International Journal of Computer Applications, 2010, 8(6): 6–9

26 Malik G, Singh A. Performance evaluation of Wi-Fi and WiMax using Opnet. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2013, 3(6)

27 Farzi A. OPNET simulation of IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi) and IEEE 802.16(WiMAX) in a small area. 2010, available at the website of sfu

28 Panagiotis K. Wireless LAN networking. 2003, available at the website of riverbed