Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of donepezil hydrochloride on Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Methods: Thirty-six 3-month-old SD rats were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group and a model group. The model group was given continuous intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose solution (120 mg/kg/d) combined with aluminum trichloride (10 mg/kg/d) by gavage for 60 days. Morris water maze test was conducted to test the learning and memory abilities of the rats, and AD rats were selected. After modeling, AD rats were divided into a normal saline (NS) group and a drug treatment (DT) group. The DT group was given donepezil hydrochloride (1.0 mg/kg) by gavage intervention, and the NC group and the NS group were given equal volumes of physiological saline by gavage. After 4 weeks of intervention, Morris water maze test was conducted to detect the escape latency, the number of platform crossings and residence time in the target quadrant, the rats were euthanized, with serum and hippocampal tissues collected, and hippocampal tissue homogenate (10%) was prepared by using NS. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the inflammatory and oxidative stress indicators in rat hippocampal tissues and serum, and hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological damage in rat hippocampal tissues.
Results: Compared with the NC group, the NS group showed a significant increase in escape latency (p<.05), a significant decrease in the number of platform crossings and residence time in the target quadrant (p<.05), and a significant decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum and hippocampal tissues (p<.05). The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased (p<.05), and the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were significantly increased (p<.05). Compared with the NS group, the DT group can significantly reduce the escape latency (p<.05), increase the number of platform crossings and residence time in the target quadrant (p<.05), significantly increase the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum and hippocampal tissues and reduce the content of MDA (p<.05) and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α (p<.05). After intervention with donepezil hydrochloride, the number of neurons in the hippocampus were significantly increased.
Conclusions: Donepezil hydrochloride can improve the learning and memory abilities of rats, reduce the levels of oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain and serum, and improve pathological damage in the hippocampus.
Objective: To explore the combined effects of multisensory intervention and amplitude integrated electroencephalogram monitoring on the maturation and evaluation of brain and neural development in premature infants of different gestational ages.
Methods: The controlled trial was carried out in 62 premature infants from January to February of 2023 in Genertec AMHT - Baogang Hospital. The premature infants were divided into two groups according to the gestational age: 32-33+6W (Group A) and 34-36+6W (Group B). By use of random number table method, each group was subdivided into the control group and the experimental group. The control group was monitored with aEEG within 1 day and the following 7 days after birth. The experimental group was monitored with aEEG within 1 day and the following 7 days after multisensory intervention (MS) to observe the change of aEEG parameters, in order to explore the effect of MS intervention on brain development maturity. The Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) score was performed at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age in both groups.
Results: The amplitude voltage, the total aEEG score and the sleep-wake cycle score in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (p<.05). The total NBNA score in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group.
Conclusions: The multi-sensory intervention is a simple and feasible method of development support nursing, it can improve the total NBNA score of premature infants, which can promote the brain development in premature infants and improve their neurodevelopmental behavior.
Cell therapy represents an important area of biotechnology, with the potential to treat and even cure a variety of diseases that cannot be cured by traditional therapies. Cell therapy is currently a widely studied treatment in both preclinical and clinical settings, and many cell therapy products are undergoing clinical trials. This article reviews the application of cell therapy in a variety of diseases and the policy of stem cell therapy in China.
Background: Fulminant Myocarditis and Hemophagocytic Syndrome (HPS) are independent life-threatening diseases. HPS, however, is a rare complication of fulminant myocarditis. It is hard to diagnose HPS inpatients with fulminant myocarditis early, but timely identification affects the clinical result. Here is the report of a female who has developed HPS complications after fulminant myocarditis.
Case presentation: A 15-year-old Chinese female was admitted to the emergency department with a 3-day history of progressively severe chest pain and then a 1-day history of worsening heart failure needing the veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO). Interventions: V-A ECMO requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) supported critically ill patients with heart failure. The vasoactive drug was used to improve cardiac function, maintain water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, and nutritional supplements. High-dose methylprednisolone was administered for three days. Etoposide was given two times according to the treatment guideline, followed by cyclosporine. Diagnosis: The definitive diagnosis of the presented case was fulminant myocarditis complicated by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Conclusions: For fulminant myocarditis patients suspected of HPS, the functional examination must be considered for early diagnosis. The timely administration of adequate corticosteroids and standard chemotherapy is essential to reduce the risk of HPS mortality.
Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is an endocrine system disease, which is often divided into primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). At present, HPT has gradually become a common disease of endocrine system, and the common treatment is surgical resection of related lesions. Therefore, accurate location and detection are very important for the surgical treatment and prognosis of HPT. Therefore, the author reviews the relevant imaging examination in the field of nuclear medicine to provide help for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Objective: To explore the characteristics of audiology examination of Noise-Induced Hidden Hearing Loss (NIHHL), and then explore its valuable diagnostic methods.
Methods: A total of 80 young men aged between 19 and 35 were selected. They were classified into the experimental group with noise exposure history and the control group without noise exposure history, with 40 men in each group. We carried out extended high-frequency audiometry test for good ears; conducted speech in noise measurement and distortion product emission for good ears; DPOAE test, compare and analyze the results of each test.
Results: The extended high frequency hearing threshold test results showed that the hearing threshold of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group at the frequency above 8 kHz, with significant statistical difference (p <.01). The results of speech audiometry under noise showed that the signal-to-noise ratio loss in the experimental group was greater than that in the control group, with a significant statistical difference (p <.01). The results of otoacoustic emission showed that the signal-to-noise ratio of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at the frequency of 6 kHz and above, with a statistically significant difference (p <.01). There is a correlation between pure tone audiometryand DPOAE test results at high frequencies (6 kHz: p <.0001, r = -.478; 8 kHz: p <.0001, r = -.491); There was a correlation between speech audiometry and DPOAE test results under noise (p =.031, r = -.299).
Conclusions: Compared with the control group, the extended high frequency pure tone hearing threshold increased or could not be elicited in the experimental group, speech recognition ability decreased significantly under noise, DPOAE was normally elicited but signal-to-noise ratio decreased, and there was a certain correlation between them. The above three audiological examination methods have a certain reference value for early recognition of hidden hearing loss.
China began using the colored liquid from tea and tincture to treat burns as early as the sixth century B.C., and records of Chinese medicine for the rescue and treatment of burns date from the Jin Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Modern burn treatment medicine in China began in 1958 when national steel production began. Since then, burn patients have increased dramatically, independent burn departments have been established nationwide, and burn surgery has moved into technological development. With the combined efforts of several generations of burn medical workers in China, the clinical treatment of severe and extra-severe burns has steadily increased. Many fields, such as burn shock prevention and treatment, wound repair, and sepsis, have become world leaders in the 21st century, forming a treatment technology and theoretical system with distinctive Chinese characteristics. Burn medical professionals have conducted numerous clinical and fundamental experimental studies, founded the Burns Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, established academic journals, and successfully established China Burn Treatment Program. The advancement of science and technology has promoted the development of modern medicine, and 3D virtual reality technology, 3D printing technology, organoid culture, and tissue engineering skin have demonstrated potential advantages and excellent application prospects in the treatment of severe burns, providing new ideas and directions for the discipline’s development. In the new journey of development and reform, we should continue to strengthen the systematic construction of the discipline, enhance the innovative treatment capability, and create further triumph.
Objective: To analyze the depression status of pediatric standardized training residents in COVID-19.
Methods: The depression status of pediatric residents undergoing standardized training at the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University was investigated using the Self-rated Depression Scale (SDS). Statistical analysis was conducted using R version 3.5.3.
Results: The prevalence of depression was found to be 66.6%. However, no significant statistical associations were observed between depression and various demographic factors, including gender, age, emotional status, educational background, possession of a professional doctor certificate, and monthly income.
Conclusions: The incidence of depressive symptoms amongst pediatric residents undergoing standardized training during the COVID-19 pandemic is substantial, placing them at an elevated risk for depression.
Objective: To explore the effect of ADOPT (Attitude, Definition, Open mind, Planning, Try it out) nursing intervention mode on the living habit compliance, self-monitoring compliance and quality of life of kidney transplant patients in 1-3 years after surgery.
Methods: From December 2020 to August 2021, 48 patients in 1-3 years after kidney transplantation who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were regularly followed up in the Kidney Transplantation Clinic of the Department of Urology Surgery in Baogang Hospital were selected as the research subjects, and 48 kidney transplant patients were divided into the intervention group and the control group by simple random sampling. The control group was given routine nursing care in the Kidney Transplantation Clinic of the Department of Urology Surgery, and the intervention group was given nursing care measures formulated on the basis of ADOPT nursing intervention mode. The compliance and quality of life of the two groups were compared with the Kidney Transplant Patient Compliance Scale and the Kidney Transplant Patient Quality of Life Related Rating Scale in 1-3 years after surgery.
Results: After 2 months and 4 months of intervention, the scores of living habit compliance and self-monitoring compliance in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p <.001), and the scores of quality of life in the intervention group and the total score of quality of life were better than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p <.001).
Conclusions: The implementation of the ADOPT nursing intervention mode for kidney transplant patients in 1-3 years after surgery can improve their compliance level and enhance the quality of life, which is worthy of reference.
Aim: To provide suggestions for clinical diagnosis, treatment and eugenics through the retrospective analysis of a case of neonatal machete syndrome.
Methods: The clinical data of a newborn with machete syndrome admitted to the pediatrics department of Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia were analyzed, and suggestions of eugenics were provided based on the literatures.
Results: The child, male, natural conception, G2P2, gestational age 38+4 weeks, was born by cesarean section (at am 09:24 on November 13th, 2021). He was hospitalized in our department for 9 days and given NCPAP positive pressure ventilation to give oxygen and anti-infection symptomatic treatment. The dyspnea of the child was not significantly alleviated, and the heart murmurs became increasingly obvious. The child was transferred to the neonatology Department of the Seventh Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital for further treatment on 9 days afterbirth. After admission, piperacillin and tazobactam were treated with anti-infection, high-frequency oscillation mode of invasive ventilator, limited fluid volume and other symptomatic treatments. Fiberbronchoscopy showed atelectasis of right lung and tracheomalacia of left lung. Echocardiography showed partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, atrial septal defect (secondary foramina), inferior vena cava dilatation, pulmonary hypertension, initial coronary artery dilatation, and patent ductus arteriosus. CT 3D imaging of pulmonary veins showed: Congenital heart disease: partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (subcardial),consideration of “machete syndrome,” atrial septal defect, consideration of pulmonary hypertension, right pulmonary artery stenosis, right lower lung receiving abdominal aorta blood supply, right lung tissue dysplasia, and widening of inferior vena cava pulmonary veins. Therefore, the comprehensive diagnosis was “machete syndrome.” Considering the high surgical risk of the child, conservative symptomatic treatment was recommended, and the family requested discharge after 22 days of treatment. The patient died at home at 3 months follow-up after discharge.
Conclusions: Machete syndrome is a rare congenital property of abnormal partial or complete pulmonary venous drainage from the right or left lung to the inferior vena cava. With an incidence of approximately 2 in 100,000 live births, the syndrome is commonly associated with right lung dysplasia, pulmonary sequestration, persistent left superior vena cava, and right tilt of the heart. In this case, the child had these syndromes afterbirth, since the primary hospital did not recognize the disease, the child was clearly diagnosed in the higher hospital. Children with machete syndrome can be treated with surgery in the early neonatal period, but the indication of surgical treatment is still controversial, and the need for surgery is evaluated according to the severity of the patient’s symptoms and pulmonary circulation blood flow.
Objective: To explore the application effect of improved Beck oral score in oral care of burn patients with mechanical ventilation, to provide practical basis for oral care of such patients.
Methods: A total of 42 patients with tracheotomy and mechanical ventilation in the Department of Burn Surgery of Baogang Hospital in Inner Mongolia from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the study objects, and the patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 21 cases in each group. The control group was given routine oral care, and the observation group was given oral care according to improved Beck oral score. The following were compared between the two groups: Age, total burn area, third-degree burn area, acute physiological and chronic health assessment scores, as well as improved Beck oral scores; the incidence of oral odor, plaque index, mouth ulcer and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) after 7 days; the detection of microorganism in oral secretions.
Results: After 7 days, the oral condition of patients in observation group was effectively improved, and the oral comfort level was significantly improved. The incidence of oral odor (2.57±1.59), dental plaque index (2.62±1.47), oral ulcer evaluation (2.24±1.09), VAP incidence (9.52%) and improved Beck oral score (8.09±1.92) in observation group were all lower than those in control group, which was (3.95±1.82), (3.57±1.21), (3.14±1.24), (38.09%), and (9.90±2.21) respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p <.05). The oral normal florain observation group (71.43%) was higher than that in control group (28.57%), and the difference was statistically significant (p <.05). The oral gram-positive bacteria (19.05%) and Gram-negative bacteria (23.81%) in observation group were lower than those in control group, which was 52.38% and 57.14% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p <.05).
Conclusions: The application of the improved Beck oral assessment method in dynamic oral care can effectively reduce the content of oral pathogens, lower the incidence of pulmonary infection, and improve the quality of life of patients.
Different treatment options are available for subclavian stenosis (SS). Carotid to subclavian bypass surgery (CSBS) is an increasingly used effective treatment strategy when stenting is impossible. However, in Nepal, little is known about SS and its management. A 58-year-old man with a history of aortic valve replacement surgery complained of progressive left arm weakness for the past 6 months associated with pain on exertion and blood pressure discrepancies in both arms. A computed tomographic scan confirmed near-complete subclavian artery stenosis and a Doppler ultrasound showed decreased blood flow and systolic velocity. CSBS was selected as stenting was not feasible. Post-CSBS, all hemodynamic parameters returned to normal, lasting even after 2 years. CSBS appears to be a viable, safe, and promising treatment for symptomatic SS. However, additional studies need to be conducted to analyze the benefits of CSBS relative to other interventions.
Objective: To establish a nursing service model of 37℃ “six-center service” and study the effect of this model on improving nursing services in the course of nursing work.
Methods: The semi-structured interview method and group meeting method are used to establish the 37℃ nursing service model and implement the “general health” concept of “benevolence-based and central enterprise quality.” The newly established 37℃ “six-center service” (enthusiastic reception, patient explanation, careful observation, sincere help, warm-hearted delivery and heart-to-heart visit) nursing model in the comprehensive ward of Baogang Hospital (Inner Mongolia) runs through the three phases of patient admission, hospitalization and discharge, providing patients with warm care services, so that patients can truly enjoy the warmth of 37℃ nursing and friendly family flair during the peri-hospitalization period.
Results: (1) The established 37℃ “six-heart service” nursing service model has been treated as a nursing service path and is widely used in the hospital; (2) After the implementation of the 37℃ nursing service, patients, nurses, doctors, hospitals and the society show an effectively improved satisfaction; (3) The 37℃ “six-heart service” nursing service model is established as a hospital nursing service brand; (4) The 37℃ “six-heart service” nursing service brand has received enthusiastic responses in Baotou, Health Management Technology Co., Ltd. and GENERTEC.
Conclusions: The established 37℃ “six-heart service” nursing service model can effectively improve the quality of nursing service and establish a nursing service brand, which can be promoted across the country.
Objective: To investigate the effect of liraglutide on diabetic nephropathy in rats and its regulatory mechanism.
Methods: The diabetic nephropathy rat model was constructed with high-glucose-high-fat diet in combination with STZ, and was randomly divided into normal saline group and liraglutide group. The rats in liraglutide group were given sc 200 μg/kg of liraglutide, and the rats in normal saline group were given sc 20 mg/kg of normal saline twice a day for 4 weeks. The normal control group was not treated with any treatment. The biochemical indexes such as rat body weight, 24-hour urine total protein quantification (UTP), fasting blood glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) were measured. HE staining, Masson staining and PAS staining were used to observe the pathologically morphological changes in renal tissues. Western-blot was used to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related protein in renal tissues. Elisa was used to measure the serum levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-1β. SPSS 26.0 statistical software and Graph Prism 9.0 software were used for analysis and mapping. The t-test was used for the comparison of measurement data between two groups, one-way ANOVA was used for the comparison among multiple groups, and Tukey’s test was used for the comparison in the same group.
Results: Compared with the normal saline group, FBG, UTP, BUN, Scr, TC and TG in the liraglutide group were significantly decreased (p <.01), the glomerular basement membrane was slightly thickened, with the tubular lumen slightly dilated and the lesion damage alleviated; the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC andCaspase-1 inflammasome-related proteins were decreased (p <.01), and the levels of IL-18 and IL-1β were decreased (p <.01).
Conclusions: Liraglutide can inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome mediated by oxidative stress in renal tissues through ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, thereby inhibiting the inflammation, and finally playing an anti-diabetic nephropathy renal injury role.